湖南省消灭脊髓灰质炎策略研究

目的：通过实施口脊髓灰质炎活疫苗的免疫活动，开展急性弛缓性麻痹病例的流行病学和病毒学监测工作，证实湖南省实现消灭脊髓灰质炎的策略具有可行性。方法：采用常规基础免疫和加强免疫、强化免疫、“扫荡”式免疫等方式开展对全省适龄儿童的免疫活动；对全省县级以上医疗卫生单位就诊的15岁以下人群进行急性弛缓性麻痹病例的“零”病例报告和主动监测，发现和报告的每例病例逐一进行个案调查、随访和采集粪便标本，所采标本用RD、Hep-2,L20B细胞进行病毒分离和鉴定。结果：自1991年建立急性弛缓性麻痹病例监测系统以来，至2000年底止，湖南省共报告急性弛缓性麻痹病例1749例，采集病例粪便标本1404例、接触者粪便标本218例，检出脊髓灰质炎野病毒7株，1993年7月以后未再分离到脊髓灰质炎野病毒毒株。结论：据我们把握的资料，湖南省已成功阻断了脊髓灰质炎野病毒的循环，实现了消灭脊髓灰质炎的目标。

Study on Poliomyelitis Eradication Strategy of in Hunan Province

Objective Through oral vaccination activity on polio,the epidemiological and virological surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case finds its way to develop, so that the realization of eradication on polio may be verified.Method Various kinds of immunization activities such as regular basic immunization, booster vaccination, intensified vaccination and mopping-up operation were adopted among children of the right age in the whole province. Zero case report and active surveillance on AFP were carried out to those population under 15 who had had consultation in medical unit above county level. Each reported case or found case was treated by individual case investigation, follow-up study and sample collection. All the samples were virus-isolated ad identified by RD, Hep-2 and L20B cells. Result Since 1991, an AFP case surveillance system has been built up. Up to the end of 2000, a total of 1,749 AFP cases had been reported in hunan province, from which 1,404 cases samples were collected, and another 218 cases samples of contacts were also collected. A sum of 7 polio wild virus strains was examined out. Since July 1993, no wild strain has been found (isolated). Conclusion Hunan Province has successfully intervened in the circus (spread) of polio wild virus, and hence realized the goal of polio eradication.