北京市学龄儿童青少年骨密度正常参考值的研究

目的 提供北京学龄儿童青少年全身及各部位骨密度的正常参考值，服务于临床及科研应用。方法 使用双能X线骨密度仪(DEXA)测量北京市。1025名6—18岁学龄儿童青少年全身骨密度(TBMD)，以及包括头、胸、中腹、骨盆、下肢及上肢在内躯体各部位骨密度(BMD)，并与国外同类研究进行比较。结果 骨矿化过程在儿童期为渐进形式，在青春期呈现加速趋势：在躯体各部位及全身的各个阶段都存在着显著的性别及年龄差异。尽管骨的发育因躯体部位、性别及尺寸大小而异，但是女性在10-15岁年龄段倾向于骨密度高于同年龄组男性，而自16岁以后则男性骨密度高于女性(头部除外)。部份原因是女性骨矿化增长加速过程发动时序早于男性。与白种儿童相比较，这些受试对象TBMD较低。结论 骨的发育因性别、年龄、部位及种族而呈现不同规律，在评价时应予以考虑。

Normal reference values for bone mineral density in children and abolescents aged 6-18 years, Beijing, China

Objective The paper aims to provide normal values for the assessment of bone status in children and adolescents to serve clinical as well as research p urposes.Methods Normal values of bone mineral density for tot al body (TBMD) and selected regions of interest (BMD), including head, chest, midriff, pelvis, leg s and arms, were derived from measurements on 1025 children and adolescents 6 to 8 years from Beijing city. BMD was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiomet ry(DEXA).Results Bone mineralization increased gradually in early childhood and accelerated during adolescence and there were significant age and gender effect s on all regions of interest as well as on total body. Although development of b one was heterogene ous in term of sex, magnitude and localization, it seems females had a hi gher BMD than their counterparts between the ages of 10 and 15years, from age 16 years, it is quiet on the contrary except BMD for head. Parts of reasons were d ue to females`earlier outset of acceleration for increase on BMD. Compared with white-origin children, the subjects were bestowed with less TBMD. Conclusions The dev elopment of bone depends on sex, age, region and race. Considerations should be taken when normal values were applied to assess bone status.