马尾连的原植物与生药学研究

本文将调查采集到的商品及民间代黄连用的马尾连共20种,作了植物分类鉴定、生药形态组织观察,对其中10种作了生物碱的薄层鉴别及小檗碱含量分析等研究;结果证明20种马尾连均系唐松草属植物,其生药形态组织鉴别特征比较明显,有四种(金丝、昭通、高原、多叶)马尾连的小檗碱含量在1%以上。

BOTANICAL AND PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDIES OF THE CHINESE MEDICINAL DRUG "MA WEI-LIAN"

Ma Wei-lian, a kind of Chinese medicinal drugs which is derived from the genus Thalictrum, has been widely used as a substitute for the Chinese traditional drug Huanglian (Rhizoina Goptidis), with antipyretic, antidote and antidysentery effects. After a general survey and taxomonic idendification of the original plants of this drug, 20 plants all belonging to Thalictrum genus were found in the market under the general name "Ma Wei-lian" (of. Tab. 1&2). As a result of ancient herbals study, Thalictrum glandulossimum (Fin. et Gagn.) W. T. Wang et S. H. Wang is supposed to be the genuine one of the drug, chemically it contains besides others an alkaloid hernandazine, which has been proved to possess an antitumor activity. Besides, six species, viz., T. foliolosum, T. foetidum, T flavum, T. ramosum, T. atriplex and T. minus var. hypoleucum were supposed to contain hernandazine by a preliminary TLG comparison. The morphological and histological characters of 20 kinds of "Ma Wei-lian" were described concisely with illustrations, the results showed that all these kinds can be distinguished from each other histologically. By means of TLG and a spectrophotometric method, berberine has been demonstrated to be present in 8 species out of 10 species examined. Those species with higher berberine content were T. glandulissimum var. chaotungense (2.07%),T. glandulossimum (1.485%), T. cultratum (1.465%) and T. foliolosum (1.07%). These results may be of value to the standardization and utilization of these drugs.