Heterogeneous Effects of G-CSF and GM-CSF on Cell Growth and Ara-C Cytotoxicity in Childhood Leukemias Which Express Myeloid Markers |
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Authors: | Masamune Higashigawa Hiroshi Kuwabara De-Chen Cao Hiroki Hori Toshiki Ohkubo Hajime Kawasaki Masaru Ido Yoshihiro Komada Minoru Sakurai |
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Institution: |
a Department of Pediatrics, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan |
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Abstract: | It is uncertain if acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells expressing myeloid makers can respond to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). We investigated the effects of G-CSF (0.01 μg/ml) and GM-CSF (0.01 μg/ml) on 3H]thymidine (TdR) uptake, and the cytotoxicity of l-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) in leukemia cells from 17 pediatric patients. ALL cells without myeloid markers did not respond to G-CSF or GM-CSF. On the other hand, these cytokines enhanced the 3H]TdR uptake and cell growth, not only of AML cells but also of ALL cells expressing myeloid antigens. However, G-CSF and GM-CSF did not always enhance the growth inhibitory effect of the cell cycle specific drug ara-C when the cells were co-cultured with the drug. There was no relationship between cell growth and the amount of 3H]TdR incorporation or the intracellular ara-CTP level. These results indicate the heterogeneous effects of G-CSF and GM-CSF on cell growth and ara-C sensitivity in childhood leukemia cells. |
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Keywords: | G-CSF GM-CSF ara-C MTT assay [3H]thymidine incorporation assay mixed lineage leukemia biphenotypic leukemia |
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