食管癌患者ABO血型基因分布的研究

目的研究食管癌患者ABO血型基因分布情况及其意义。方法采用聚合酶链式反应-序列特异性引物（PCR—SSP）基因定型法检测107例食管癌患者的ABO血型基因型，同时选取132例没有血缘关系的健康体检者作为正常对照组。结果食管癌患者组血型分布为：A型35例，B型39例，O型22例，AB型11例，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=13．407，P=0．004）；其基因型分布为：AI／01型14例、A1／A1型7例、A2／01型5例、A1／A2型9例、B／B型20例、B／01型19例、Ot／01型22例、A1／B型9例、A2／B型2例，与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（x2=16．357，P=0．038）；其中，A1／A2基因型血型占食管癌患者的8．4％，明显高于对照组的2．3％，差异有统计学意义（X2=4．670，P=0．031）；B／B基因型血型占食管癌患者的18．7％，明显高于对照组的9．8％，差异有统计学意义（x2=3．883，P=0．049）；而其他基因型与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。病理分化I、Ⅱ和Ⅲ级食管癌患者B／B基因型占4．8％、14．9％和30．8％，差异有统计学意义（x2=6．870，P=0．032）。结论食管癌患者的血型以A、B型为主，其基因型以A1／A2、B／B所占比例偏高，这对食管癌的临床诊断和风险预报有参考价值。

A Study on ABO Blood Group Genotypes in Esophageal Carcinoma Patients

Objective To study the distribution of ABO blood group genotypes and in esophageal carcinoma(EC) patients and its significance.Methods ABO blood group genotypes were detected in 107 EC patients by PCR-SSP.Results As for distributions of blood types,there were 35 cases of A type,39 B,22 O,11 AB in EC group,significantly different from those in control group(χ~2=13.407,P=0.004).As for distributions of genotypes,there were 14 A1/01 type,7 A1/A1,5 A2/O1,9 A1/A2,20 B/B,19 B/O1,22 O1/O1,9 A1/B,2 A2/B in EC group,significantly different from control (χ~2=16.357,P=0.038).A1/A2 genotype blood type accounted for 8.4% in EC group,significantly higher than in control (2.3%),the difference was significant(χ~2=4.670,P=0.031),and B/B genotype blood type accounted for 18.7% in EC group,higher than in control (9.8%),the difference was significant(χ~2=3.883,P=0.049),but the other genotypes were not different from those of control(P＞0.05).B/B genotypes of EC patients in Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ grades of pathological differentiation accounted for 4.8%,14.9% and 30.8%,the difference was significant(χ~2=6.870,P=0.032).Conclusion In EC patients,blood types are mainly types A and B,and A1/A2,B/B accounted for higher proportion of genotypes.It may be used as a auxiliary reference for clinical diagnoses of EC and prediction of risks.