1997～2002年太仓市农药中毒流行病学调查与防治策略

目的　了解太仓市农药中毒及其死亡状况 ,探讨其发病规律及可行的防治策略。　方法　搜集、分析 1997～2 0 0 2年全市各医疗单位上报给市疾控中心的农药中毒个案报告卡及市急救中心的所有原始资料。　结果　全市共发生各类农药中毒 80 0例 ,年发病率平均为 2 .78/万 ,其中生产性农药中毒 198例 ,占 2 4.75 % ,病死率为 0 ,非生产性农药中毒60 2例 ,占 75 .2 5 % ,病死率为 2 7.0 0 % (2 16/ 60 2 )。由甲胺磷所致者占全部中毒病例的 81.75 % (65 4/ 80 0 ) ,占全部死亡病例的 97.2 2 % (2 10 / 2 16)。 3 0～ 60岁占全部中毒者的 60 .5 0 % (4 84/ 80 0 )。非生产性农药中毒的抢救成功率 ,乡镇卫生院为 49.2 8% (171/ 3 47) ,中心卫生院以上医院为 84.3 1% (2 15 / 2 5 5 ) ,二者比较具有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　各类农药中毒仍严重威胁着农村青壮年的生命安全 ,有效控制甲胺磷农药将可显著降低本地区农药中毒的发病率 ,提高乡镇卫生院一级的抢救水平 ,可大幅提高农药中毒的抢救成功率

The Epidemiological Feature and Control Measure for Pesticides Poisoning from 1997 to 2002 in Taicang City

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and make the preventive measures of pesticides poisoning in Taicang. Methods Collecting and analyzing the cases of pesticides poisoning and the data of First Aid Center in Taicang from 1997 to 2002. Result There were 800 cases of pesticides poisoning in all, and the annual average incidence rate was 2.78/10 4. Among them the pesticides poisoning for production was 198 cases (24.75%) and the mortality rate was 0; The pesticides poisoning for non-production was 602 cases (75.25%) and the mortality rate was 27.00% (216/602). The pesticides poisoning caused by Jia An Lin was 81.75% (654/800) and 97.22%(210/216) of the death cases. The persons in the thirties to sixties takes up 60.50% (484/800).The recovery rate of non-producation pesticides poisoning was 49.28% (171/347), 84.31%(215/255) in township health clinic and central health clinic (and abovo ) respectively. There was significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion Various kinds of pesticides poisoning is still quite a threat to the life of youth and adults in the country. Controlling Jia An Lin effectively can be a good method to reduce the incidence rate of pesticides poisoning in local area. Meanwhile, training to health staff at township level played an important role in reducing the mortality rate of pesticides poisoning.