28例次活体肝移植术后胆道并发症的内镜诊疗体会

目的 回顾性分析活体肝移植术后胆道并发症的临床特点,探讨内镜处置相关问题的有效方式.方法 21例活体肝移植胆道并发症患者接受ERCP诊疗,根据胆道造影所见给予相应治疗,观察内镜治疗的效果.结果 21例患者中43.8%处于术后早期,共接受28次内镜诊疗,其中发现胆管吻合口狭窄19例(90.4%),目.多数存在成角畸形;发现吻合口胆漏9例(42.9%).内镜治疗的操作成功率为85.7%,包括鼻胆管引流5例次、单支架引流10例次、气囊扩张和(或)多支架支撑9例次、胆漏腔引流2例次.随访中3例胆漏患者经治疗漏门已愈合,2例吻合口狭窄已基本消除.结论 活体肝移植术后胆道并发症发生率高且上发生早,吻合口严重狭窄伴成角畸形多见,合并胆漏的发生率较高;采用"先治漏,后治窄"的原则进行内镜治疗可取得满意的疗效.

Biliary complications after living donor liver transplantation: endoscopic diagnosis and management of 28 cases

Objective To retrospectively investigate the clinical features of the biliary tract complieations after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and the efficacy of endoscopy.Methods The LDLT patients with hiliary eomplieations were given endoscopic retrograde eholangiopanereatography (ERCP) and endoscopic therapies were carried out according to the result of eholangiogram.Results Twenty-one patients,among whom 43.8% were at early postoperative stage,underwent 28 endoscopic procedures.Nineteen patients (90.4%) had biliary anastomotic strictures with angled malformation.Bile leakage was found in 9 patients (42.9%).The success rate of endoscopic therapy was 85.7% ,including nose-bile drainage in 5,stent placement in 10,balloon dilatation and/or multiple stents placement in 9 and bile collection drainage in 2.During follow-up,leak heal was confirmed in 3 patients and stricture resolution was achieved in another 2 eases. Conclusion Biliary complication is relatively common in the early stage after LDIX,and severe anastomotie stricture with angled malformation is most frequently seen, usually associated with bile leakage. Series of endoscopic interventions with the strategy of "leak first,and then stricture"might achieve satisfactory outcome.