呼吸科住院患者睡眠质量与影响因素调查分析

目的对呼吸科住院患者睡眠质量与影响因素进行调查分析,探讨改善患者睡眠障碍的有效护理方法。方法选取2011年3月—2012年4月收治于江苏省南京市胸科医院的呼吸科住院患者294例,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)和自行设计呼吸科住院患者睡眠质量影响因素调查表,进行问卷调查,分析影响患者睡眠质量的原因及睡眠障碍患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪。结果呼吸科住院患者睡眠障碍的主要原因依次为躯体因素、睡眠环境、抑郁情绪和药物因素,睡眠障碍症状主要为入睡困难40例,占20.2%;不能熟睡39例,占19.7%;早醒63例,占31.8%;睡眠时间短56例,占28.3%。结论呼吸科住院患者睡眠质量明显偏低,并存在不同程度的睡眠障碍,焦虑、抑郁情绪高于正常人。有效的护理措施应以生物、心理、社会、医学模式为指导,积极、早期采用综合干预措施,减轻患者心身症状。

The sleeping quality of respiratory inpatients and influencing factors

Objective To investigate the sleeping quality of respiratory inpatients and the influencing factors, and to explore effective methods to improve patients＇ sleeping disorders. Methods Pittsburgh Sleep Quality In- dex （ PSQI）, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale （HAD） and self - designed questionnaire on factors influ- encing sleeping quality of respiratory inpatients were used to survey 294 respiratory inpatients in our hospital from March 2011 to April 2012. The sleeping quality and the anxiety and depression of patients with sleeping disorders were analyzed. Results The main causes of sleeping disorders were somatic factor, sleeping environ- ment, depression and drug. There were 40 cases with difficulty falling asleep （20.2%） ,39 cases without deep sleep （ 19.7 % ）, 63 cases with waking up early （ 31.8 % ）, and 56 cases with short sleep duration （28.3 % ）. Conclusion The sleeping quality of respiratory inpatient is very low, with different sleeping disorders. Their anxiety and depression levels are higher than healthy ones. The effective care should be based on the guidance of biological, psychological, social and medical model. The active and early integrated care should be taken to alleviate psychosomatic disorders of patients and improve the clinical efficacy.