我国四城市部分小学生肥胖控制效果评价

目的探讨学校群体活动模式控制学生肥胖的效果,为有关干预模式的研究提供依据。方法在长春、乌鲁木齐、西安和厦门四城市各选择1所学校作为干预学校,三、四年级全体学生为重点干预对象,选取同一城区条件基本相近的1所学校作为对照学校。将肥胖控制与健康促进学校的创建结合起来,采取以群体干预与个别指导相结合、知识传播与运动/饮食行为干预相结合、学校干预与家庭干预相结合、学生行为改变和学校健康环境改变相结合的综合策略开展肥胖干预。干预前后进行问卷调查。结果干预学校学生肥胖控制知晓率、正确膳食及运动行为形成率的提高幅度高于对照学校学生,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);干预学校肥胖率和超重率分别从15.6%和14.1%下降到10.4%和14.2%;其中干预学校三、四年级男生肥胖率从21.5%下降到13.6%。结论学校群体活动控制模式对于小学生的肥胖控制是有效的。

Impact Evaluation on Obesity Control Among Primary School Students in 4 Cities in China

Objective To probe into the impact of school-based obesity control,and to provide evidence for the prevention model.Methods One school was determined as project school in Changchun,Urumuqi,Xi'an and Xiamen respectively.All the students in grade three and four in these four schools were taken as intervention population.Another four schools in these four cities were selected to be control schools.Strategies were integrated obesity control into the health promoting school establishing,combined group intervention with individual intervention,communicating knowledge with dietary and physical activity intervention,working together with family and by improving the physical environment to promote the students' health behavior.Questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the intervention.Results The increasing of awareness and positive behavior of dietary and physical activity in four project schools was much higher than control schools(P<0.01).The prevalence rates of obesity and overweight were declined from 15.6% and 14.1% to 10.4% and 14.2%,especially among boys in grade three and four in project schools,the obesity rate was decreased from 21.5% to 13.6%.(Conclusion)(The strategies model of group) activity are effective to obesity control among primary school students.