自发性高血压鼠脑底动脉血管活性肠多肽能神经纤维的分布

目的 探讨肽能神经对高血压鼠脑血管的神经源性调节的形态学基础。方法 应用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法和图介分析技术，观察了１０只自发性高血压鼠（ＳＨＲ）和１０只正常血压鼠脑底动脉血管活性肠多肽能神经纤维的分布。结果 在自发性高血压鼠脑的大脑前动脉、中动脉、后动脉和基底动脉及其分支均可见棕褐色的免疫反应性纤维，纤维似细曲线状，多呈网状分布，与正常血压鼠同一部位脑底动脉血管壁上的免疫反应性纤维密度比较，自发性高血压鼠大脑前动脉、中动脉和后动脉的免疫反应性纤维明显减少。结论 高血压鼠脑底动脉血管活性肠多肽能神经纤维密度的减少，提示在ＳＨＲ脑血流的自动调节作用中，由于非交感性血客扩张神经减少，导致神经源性血管扩张作用减弱，交感神经活性相对增加，表明血管活性肠多肽神经在高血压鼠脑血管的神经源性调节中起着重要的作用。

INNERVATION OF THE VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEP TIDERGIC NERVE ON CEREBRAL VESSELS IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

Objective\ To study the innervation of the vasoactive intestinal polypeptidergic(VIP) nerve on cerebral arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR),and probe into the morphological bases of the neurogenic regulation about peptidergic nerves on cerebral vessels in hypertensive rats. Methods\ Ten spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and 10 normotensive Wistar\|Kyoto rats(WKY),used as control group,were studied with immunohistochemical ABC technique; and image analysis were applied to study the changes of VIP\|ergic positive nerve fibers on cerebral arteries in SHR and WKY rats. Results\ The immunoreactive positive fibers with the brown fine lineal and mesh structures were observed on the anterior cerebral arteries\,middle cerebral arteries\,posterior cerebral arteries and basilar artery in SHR.Compared with the namesake artery of the WKY rats,VIP\|ergic positive nerve fibers in anterior cerebral arteries\,middle cerebral arteries and posterior cerebral arteries of SHR decreased obviously,in basilar artery remained unchanged.Student's t\|test was used and P <0\^05,indicating that the significant difference between the density of VIP\|ergic nerve in cerebral arteries of SHR and those of WKY rats. Conclusion\ VIP\|ergic nerve fibers in cerebral basial arteries of SHR decrease.It suggested that the diminution of the nonsympathetic vasodilator nerves results in the weakness of the neurogenic vasodilator effect,and an increase of sympathetic activity relatively in autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in SHR.Our results indicate that the VIP\|ergic nerves play an important role in the neurogenic regulation of cerebral vessels in hypertensive rats.