国产和进口水痘疫苗免疫效果对比研究

[目的 ]　比较国产和进口水痘疫苗免疫效果 ,了解宝山区儿童水痘—带状疱疹病毒 (VZV)自然感染情况。　[方法 ]　随机选择 2 6 5名无水痘病史的 0～ 7岁儿童调查血清抗VZV -IgG阳性率 ;选择 84名 1～ 2岁VZV易感儿童随机分成两组 ,分别接种国产和进口水痘疫苗 ,免疫后 6周采血 ,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗VZV -IgG。　 [结果 ]　 1～ 7岁儿童抗VZV -IgG阳性率分别为 2 .0 0 %、11.11%、2 0 .0 0 %、17.6 5 %、30 .77%、40 .0 0 %、32 .14 % ;免前抗VZV -IgG阴性儿童 ,分别接种国产和进口水痘疫苗后 ,抗体阳转率分别为 90 .70 % ( 39/43)和 95 .12 % ( 39/41) ,两者差别无显著性 ;两种疫苗的抗VZV-IgG几何平均滴度倒数 (GMRT)分别为 2 0 4.848( 95 %CI190 .73～ 2 6 0 4.79)和 482 .6 9( 95 %CI93.30～ 2 497.5 ) ,进口疫苗GMRT略高于国产疫苗。　 [结论 ]　宝山区婴幼儿 6个月内部分存在VZV -IgG母体免疫 ,7个月后母体免疫消失 ;国产水痘疫苗免疫效果良好 ,本区 1～ 7岁儿童是易感人群 ,尤其是 1～ 4岁易感儿童适宜接种

Comparative study of immune efficacy of domestic and imported varicella vaccine

To Compare the immune efficacy of domestic and imported varicella vaccine and to understand the prevalence of varicella-zoster virus(VZV) in children. The sera of 265 children aged 0～7 years without history of VZV infection were investigeted for the prevalence rate of VZV-IgG.84 VZV susceptible children aged 1～2 years were randomly assigned into two groups.Group A was vaccinated with domestic living attenuated VZV vaccine,and group B was vaccinated with imported VZV vaccine.Their serum samples were detected for anti-VZV IgG,using ELISA. The age-specific sera positive rates of anti-VZV IgG in age 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 were 2.00%,11.11%,20.00%,17.65%,30.77%,40.00% and 32.14% respectively.The positive seroconversion rates of domestic and imported VZV vaccine was 90.70%(39/43) and 95.12%(39/41) respectively 6 weeks after immunization.The difference was non-significant.The antiboby GMRT of the two vaccines were 204.848(95%CI 190.73～2604.79) and 482.69(95%CI 93.30～2497.30).The antibody GMRT of imported vaccine was slightly higher than that of the domestic.[Conclusion] Domestic varicella vaccine is effective.Most children aged 1-7 years,especially 1-4 years in Baoshan district,Shanghai are susceptible. So varicella vaccination is needed.