人肝细胞癌及癌周组织中p53、c-myc基因的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨ｐ５３及ｃｍｙｃ基因表达在原发性肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）发生发展过程中的作用。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法分别检测７３例和６０例ＨＣＣ癌及其癌周组织中ｐ５３和ｃｍｙｃ基因的表达状况。结果：ｐ５３基因在ＨＣＣ中阳性表达率显著高于癌周组织（Ｐ＜０．０５，），癌周组织中ｐ５３基因表达仅见于癌周增生结节，癌周肝硬变及正常肝组织内未见ｐ５３基因阳性表达；ｃｍｙｃ基因的阳性表达率在ＨＣＣ与癌周增生结节中相近（Ｐ＞０．０５），且两者均显著高于癌周肝硬变和正常肝组织（分别为Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）；ｐ５３及ｃｍｃｙ基因表达均与ＨＣＣ分化程度呈显著正相关，低分化组ｐ５３及ｃｍｙｃ基因的阳性表达率均显著高于高分化组（Ｐ均＜０．０５）。结论：ｐ５３及ｃｍｙｃ基因过度表达均参与了人肝细胞癌的发生发展过程；癌周增生结节属癌前期病变，与肝癌的发生有关。

Significance of p53 and c-myc gene expressions in hepatocellular carcinoma and its pericarcinomatous tissue

Objective: To investigate the effect of p53 and cmyc genes in the carcinogenesis and development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods: The expression of p53 and cmyc genes was detected immunohistochemically in 73 cases of HCC and 60 cases of pericarcinomatous tissues. Results: The positive expression of p53 in HCC was significantly higher than that in pericarcinomatous tissues ( P <0.05),in pericarcinomatous tissues, p53 gene expression was only in liver hyperplastic nodule(LHN),not in liver cirrhosis(LC)and normal liver tissues.The positive expression rate of cmyc in HCC or LHN was significantly higher than that in LC or normal liver tissues( P <0.05 and P <0.01),but there was no significant difference between HCC and LHN( P>0.05). The positive expression rate of p53 and c-myc was correlated with histogical differentiation of HCC, the positive rate of p53 and cmyc genes in poor differentiation was higher than that in well differentiation( P <0.05). Conclusions: The overexpression of p53 and c-myc genes might be related to the carcinogenesis and development of HCC; LHN are preneoplastic lesions and related to hepatocarcinogenesis.