2010年青岛市电焊工职业健康损害情况调查

[目的]了解青岛市电焊工主诉职业健康损害症状,以便采取措施预防电焊工职业病和有关疾病的发生。[方法]2010年3月,在青岛市选择2个职业危害严重的机械制造企业,各抽取1个班的200名电焊工进行问卷调查。[结果]调查的400名电焊工中,主诉罹患1种及以上职业健康损害症状者占93.25%。各种职业健康损害症状的罹患率,电焊工组均高于非电焊工（P〈0.01）;均为吸烟的电焊工高于吸烟的非电焊工（P〈0.01）;均为穿戴劳动防护用品者低于不穿戴着（P〈0.01）。Spearman相关分析结果,电焊工职业健康损害症状罹患的种类数与年龄、工龄、户籍性质、职业卫生管理制度、职业病防治知识知晓程度存在相关关系,相关系数分别为0.166、0.793、-0.249、-0.503、-0.639（P〈0.01）。[结论]年龄越大、工龄越长、户籍在农村、较少遵守职业卫生管理制度、职业病防治知识知晓程度较低的电焊工,主诉职业健康症状越严重;正确使用个人劳动防护用品可减少职业健康损害。

Survey on Occupational Health Impaired Symptoms among Welders in Qingdao City,2010

[Objective] To understand the occupational health impaired symptoms complained by welders in Qingdao city,so as to take measures for the prevention and control of welders＇ occupational diseases and related diseases.[Methods]In March,2010,a questionnaire survey was made among 200 welders sampled from 1 shift of 2 mechanical manufacture enterprises with severe occupational hazard.[Results]Of 400 welders complaining more than 1 occupational health impaired symptoms accounted for 93.25%.In every attack rate of occupational health injuries,the welders＇ is higher than that of non-welders＇（P〈0.01）,those of smoking higher than non-smoking ones（P〈0.01）,those of wearing personal protective articles lower than non-wearing ones（P〈0.01）.The outcome of spearman bivariate was that the kinds of occupational health impaired symptoms complained by welders were correlated with the age,length of service,household register,occupational administrative system and the welders＇knowledge,with the correlative indices of 0.166,0.793,-0.249,-0.503,and-0.639 respectively（P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The longer in age and length of service,rural household register,seldomly abiding by the occupational health systems,and lower in the occupational knowledge of the welders,the more of the kinds of the occupational health impaired symptoms.Wearing personal protective articles correctly can reduce the injuries.