西宁市居民结核发病危险因素病例对照研究

目的探讨影响西宁市结核病发病的危险因素，为预防和控制当地的结核病提供科学依据。方法从2005年1月至2007年1月在西宁市定点医院确诊的结核患者中单纯随机抽取120例符合选取标准的病例作为本次的病例组对象，另选180例非结核患者作为对照组进行病例对照研究，进行单因素和非条件Logistic回归多因素分析。结果单因素分析表明影响结核病发病的因素有：民族、文化程度、月人均收入、居室通风状况、吸烟史、运动锻炼、近5年吃水果类食品的情况、近5年吃动物类食品的情况、BCG接种史、TB接触史等。多因素分析结果提示：结核病的发病危险因素依次有（按贡献大小排列）：有结核病接触史、居室通风情况差、吸烟量多；结核病的发病保护因素有：近5年吃水果类食品多、文化程度高、有卡介苗接种史。结论影响结核病发病的因素较多，应及时发现并彻底治愈传染源，切断传播途径，保护易感人群，全面实现现代结核病控制策略，对降低当地的疫情有重要意义。

A case-control study on risk factors for tuberculosis in Xining city

Objective To explore the risk factors of tuberculosis in Xining city and to provide scientific meas- ures for its prevention and control. Methods A case-control study （120： 180） for the risk factors was carried out and the patients were selected randomly from Jan. 1 in 2005 to Jan. 1 in 2007 at the fixed hospital. All the members should fit to the criteria. Data were analyzed with single-variable analysis and multiple factor logistic regression anal- ysis. Results Single--variable analysis showed that the nationality, education background, capita-income, housing ventilation condition, smoking, physical exercise, fruit ingestion in 5 years, animal food ingestion in 5 years, BCG inoculation, history of exploring to PTB. Multiple logistic regression showed that the risk factors for tuberculosis by turns were the history of exploring to PTB, worse housing ventilation condition, more smoking. The protective fac- tors were more fruit ingestion in 5 years, higher education background, BCG inoculation. Oonclusions Many fac- tors can affect TB disease, so the preventing measures should be discovered timely and the contagion origins should be cured completely in order to cut off route of transmission and to protect susceptible population. It is significant for reducing the disease to carry out the strategy of controlling the TB completely.