CAR-T细胞免疫疗法在胃癌治疗的研究进展

胃癌(Gastric Cancer,GC)是世界上死亡率第三的恶性肿瘤,传统方法治疗效果欠佳。研究表明,嵌合抗原受体T细胞(Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell,CAR-T)免疫疗法是很有前景的治疗方法,利用基因工程方法改造T细胞靶向肿瘤抗原可以促进T细胞的抗肿瘤活性。因此,找寻在肿瘤细胞高表达、在正常细胞低表达或不表达的特异性抗原是提高CAR-T疗法的主要因素。本文介绍了在胃癌中比较重要的CAR-T治疗靶点,目前已经开展临床研究的靶点主要有:NKG2D,EpCAM,CLDN,MSLN,FOLR1,HER2,MUC1等,虽然这些靶点已经取得了一些研究成果,但远远不够,新的CAR-T治疗靶点是目前研究的热点。

The research progress of CAR-T cell immunotherapy for gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. Unfortunately, traditional treatments have limited efficacy. Recent research shows that CAR-T immunotherapy is a promising treatment for GC. Using genetically engineered T cells designed to target a tumor specific antigen, researchers are able to harness the natural anti-tumor activity of T cells. Therefore, it is essential to choose specific antigens that are highly expressed on tumor cells but not on healthy cells. In this review, we present an overview of the most important antigens for CAR-T therapy in the context of GC. A number of clinical studies point to the following as important markers: NKG2D, EpCAM, CLDN, MSLN, FOLR1, HER2, MUC1. Although these markers have been met with some success, the search for new and improved targets continues.