三亚市城乡居民健康素养对比分析

目的了解并比较三亚市城乡居民的健康素养情况,为制定政策提供有针对性的理论依据。方法通过多阶段随机抽样在三亚市城乡随机抽取1 414名居民作为调查对象,其中城镇居民710名,农村居民704名,应用健康素养调查问卷进行调查,计算各道题目的正确率,进行统计学分析。结果共回收1 410份问卷,分析显示,城乡居民对健康相关知识的理解、健康相关行为和技能的形成和掌握方面差异均有显著性;城镇居民得分明显高于农村居民,且随着文化程度的增加,得分逐渐增加;城镇居民对居住环境的满意程度明显高于农村居民。结论加强健康相关知识和技能的教育和干预,尤其是针对农村居民的健康干预,是提高健康素养、促进三亚市城乡居民健康生活的重要措施。

Comparative Analysis of the Health Literacy Status of Urban and Rural Residents in Sanya City

Objectives To investigate and compare the health literacy of urban and rural residents in Sanya city,and provide scientific reference for police making. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 1 414 subjects in the urban and rural areas of Sanya city.710 subjects come from urban area and 704 subjects are rural residents.Questionnaires were designed for evaluating the health literacy of all subjects and the survey data were analyzed. Results 1 410 valid questionnaires were collected.The results showed that the differences of understanding health-related knowledge,acquiring health-related behaviors and skills between urban and rural residents were significant,the health literacy indexes of urban residents were significant higher than that of rural residents.And the indexes increased gradually with higher education levels.The satisfaction about living environment of urban residents was significantly higher than that of rural residents. Conclusions The enhancements of health education and health intervention,especially the development of strategies for the rural residents were the important methods to promote the health literacy and healthy lifestyles of people in Sanya city.