北京市西长安街社区50岁以上人群青光眼调查

目的调查北京市城市社区50岁以上人群中青光眼患病状况及其视功能损害情况。设计横断面调查。研究对象北京市西城区西长安街社区≥50岁居民。方法共检查2410人，应答率88．06％。检查包括视力、裂隙灯显微镜、检眼镜检查，询问青光眼家族史。采用非接触眼压计测量眼压，裂隙灯显微镜测量周边前房深度，观察视盘有无青光眼性视神经改变。对已确诊为青光眼者，记录其青光眼发作史、手术史等。对高危人群及可疑青光眼患者Goldman眼压计测量眼压、前房角镜检查、激发试验、视野检查等。主要指标青光眼患病率，盲与低视力比例。结果西城区西长安街社区50岁及50岁以上人群青光眼患病率为2．49％，其中原发性闭角型青光眼、原发性开角型青光眼、继发性青光眼患病率分别为1．66％、0．62％、0．08％。57．89％的青光眼患者视功能有损伤，青光眼患者中双眼盲比例为7．02％，均为≥66岁的患者。单眼盲、双眼低视力和单眼低视力的比例分别为24．56％、5．26％和21．05％。结论社区居民青光眼患者中以原发性青光眼为主。原发性开角型青光眼的构成比较既往有增加的趋势。防治青光眼是今后社区防盲工作的重点之一。

Glaucoma survey in population of 50 years old or more in the Xi Chang'an street community of Beijing

Objective To investigate the prevalence of glaucoma and related damage to visual function on community-based more than 50 years old participants in the Xi Chang＇an street community, Xicheng District, Beijing. Design Cross section survey. Participants Persons aged 50 years and older in the Xicheng District, Beijing West Chang＇an Street community. Methods We investigated 2410 persons with response rate of 85.06%. We measured intraocular pressure with a non-contact tonometer and peripheral anterior chamber depth with a slit-lamp microscope and observed optic disc morphology. To those who were confirmed to have glaucoma, we recorded the history of seizures, diagnosis history, and surgical history etc. We measured intraocular pressure with a Goldmann tonometer, did gonioscopy, provocation test, visual field and ultrasound biomicroscopy （UBM） examination in suspected glaucoma subjects. Main Outcome Measures The prevalence of glaucoma, proportion of blindness and low vision. Results The prevalence in glaucoma of the 50 years old or more in the Xi Chang＇ an street community, Xicheng District was 2.49%. The prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma, primary open-angle glaucoma and secondary glaucoma was 1.66%, 0.62% and 0.08%, respectively. 57.89% of glaucoma patients had impairment of visual function. The prevalence of binocular blindness was 7.02% （age t〉 66 years old）. The prevalence of monocular-blind, binocular low vision and monocular low vision was 24.56%,5.26% and 21.05%, respectively. Conclusion Primary glaucoma is the main type of glaucoma for community-based residents, and the primary open-angle glaucoma has an upward tendency. The prevention and treatment of glaucoma will be one of the major community work in the prevention of blindness in future.