贵州大中小学生烟草暴露及知信行现状分析

目的分析我国第二烟草生产大省贵州省在校学生烟草暴露及知信行现状。方法在贵州省贵阳、铜仁、福泉、安龙、麻江等5市县随机抽取12所大、中、小学校，以班级为单位进行整群抽样，共抽取22个班1200名学生进行问卷调查。结果贵州学生现在吸烟率为13．70％，大、中、小学生的现在吸烟率分别为34．50％、13．50％和4．90％，吸烟率随学历升高而升高（χ^2=103．69，P〈0．01）。总尝试吸烟率为38．30％。大、中、小学生的尝试吸烟率分别为63．50％、41．60％和24．10％，尝试吸烟率随学历升高而升高（χ^2=96．00，P〈0．01）。90．16％的学生认为吸烟有害健康，62．53％的学生认为吸烟应征求周围人的意见，62．36％的学生不允许别人在自己面前吸烟，赞成公共场所禁烟的学生有54．41％，分别有27．29％和18．31％的人认为吸烟可增加男孩或女孩的吸引力。近一周内，分别有53．60％和54．90％的学生暴露于家庭内、外烟草烟雾。尝试吸烟的学生中，父亲或母亲吸烟的比例为71．40％，好友吸烟的比例为92．90％。76．65％的学生看到过教师在校吸烟。71．34％的学生接受过吸烟危害知识的教育，41．23％的学生报告学校设有控烟宣传栏，15．48％的学生报告学校开展过戒烟活动。结论贵州学生烟草暴露情况严重，应加强相关的健康教育。

Current status of and knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards smoking among the students in Guizhou Province

Objective To investigate the current status of and knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards smoking among the students in Guizbou Province, the second biggest tobacco production province in China. Methods A questionnaire survey was implemented among 1200 students in the classes selected by cluster sampling from 12 randomly selected primary schools, middle schools, and colleges in Guiyang, Tongren, Fuquan, Anlong, and Majiang. Results The general smoking rate of Guizhou students was 13.70%. The smoking rates of the primary, middle, and college students were 34. 50%, 13.50% , and 4. 90% respectively; and the higher the record of formal schooling, the higher the smoking rate （χ^2 = 103.69, P 〈0. 01 ）. The general smoking attempt rate was 38.30%, higher than the results of several international and domestic surveys. The smoking attempt rates of the primary school, middle school, and college students were 63.50%, 41.60%, and 24. 10% respectively; and the higher the record of formal schooling, the higher the smoking at- tempt rate （χ^2 =96. 00, P 〈0. 01 ）. 90. 16% of the respondents believed that smoking was harmful; 62. 53% held that it was necessary to ask the permission to smoke of others all around; 62.36% would not allow others to smoke in the presence of them; and 54. 41% approved of smoking ban in public places. However, 27. 29% of the girls and 18.31% of the boys thought that smoking enhanced their charm and attraction. In the recent week, 53.60% and 54. 90% of them had been exposed to tobacco smoke at home and out of home respectively. The tobacco use rates of the fathers/mothers and/or good friends of the smoking attempters-students were 71.40% and 92.90% respectively. 76.65% of the students had ever seen their teachers smoking at school. 71.34% of the respondents had received education on the harm of smoking. 41. 23% reported that there were bulletin boards on smoking control, and 15.48% said that activities had been held to stop smoking in their schools. Conclusion The current status of toba