广西居民正常高值血压流行现状及相关危险因素分析

目的 了解广西居民正常高值血压流行状况及相关危险因素，为广西高血压防控工作提供数据支持。方法 2013年在广西10个监测点，采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取5 987名18岁及以上居民，采用问卷调查、身体测量及实验室检测等方法进行调查。剔除有变量缺失及已诊断高血压1 547例，对4 440名研究对象进行分析，采用多因素非条件logistic回归探索正常高值血压及高血压的相关危险因素。结果 人群正常高值血压检出率为36.5%，男性（43.8%）高于女性（30.0%），男性18～34岁组、35～44岁组检出率分别为44.2%、44.7%。调整年龄、性别后，多因素 logistic 回归分析显示，相对于正常血压，肥胖（OR = 2.356，95%CI:1.609～3.451）、中心性肥胖（OR = 1.594，95%CI:1.364～1.861）、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症（OR = 2.160，95%CI:1.710～2.726）、高血糖（OR = 1.455，95%CI:1.190～1.779）是正常高值血压的危险因素；相对于正常高值血压，肥胖（OR = 2.419，95%CI:1.743～3.357）、中心性肥胖（OR = 1.250，95%CI:1.021～1.529）、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症（OR = 1.312，95%CI:1.023～1.683）、高血糖（OR = 1.600，95%CI:1.291～1.982）也是高血压的危险因素。结论 广西人群正常高值血压检出率接近全国平均水平，并且存在多种危险因素。应加大正常高值血压的筛查，尤其是中青年男性，控制体重，加强多种危险因素的综合干预。

Analysis on prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension among residents in Guangxi

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the risk factors of prehypertension in Guangxi and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hypertension. Methods A total of 5987 adults above the age of 18 in 10 counties or urban districts of Guangxi were sampled by multistage cluster sampling, and the approaches of questionnaires, physical examination and laboratory test were used. A total of 1547 patients with diagnosed hypertension and resident with missing variables were excluded. Multi-factor unconditional logistic regression method was used to explore the risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension. Results The positive rate of prehypertension was 36.5%, and male (43.8%) was higher than female (30.0%). The positive rates were 44.2% and 44.7% in 18-34 and 35-44 years old male group, respectively. After adjustment of age and gender, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that obesity (OR=2.356, 95%CI: 1.609-3.451), central obesity (OR=1.594, 95%CI: 1.364-1.861), H-LDL (OR=2.160, 95%CI:1.710-2.726) and hyperglycemia (OR=1.455, 95%CI: 1.190-1.779) were the risk factors of prehypertension (compared with normotensives), and obesity(OR=2.419, 95%CI: 1.743-3.357), central obesity(OR=1.250，95%CI: 1.021-1.529), H-LDL(OR=1.312, 95%CI: 1.023-1.683) and hyperglycemia (OR=1.600, 95%CI: 1.291-1.982) were the risk factors of hypertension as well (compared with prehypertensive). Conclusion Prehypertension rate among Guangxi population was close to the national average level, and it was underlay by many risk factors. It is necessary to increase the screening of prehypertension, especially for young and middle-aged men, control the weight and strengthen the comprehensive intervention of various risk factors.