2013 - 2018年合肥市境外输入性疟疾流行特征分析

目的 分析合肥市2013 - 2018年境外输入性疟疾流行趋势，为制定境外输入性疟疾防控措施提供科学依据。方法 收集合肥市2013 - 2018年境外输入性疟疾病例的相关资料，对时间、地区、人群分布，感染的虫种，就诊情况，感染来源等情况进行统计分析。结果 2013 - 2018年合肥市共计报告境外输入性疟疾病例460例，年平均发病率为0.98/10万，其中恶性疟368例，占80.0%。6月份报告的病例数最多，占15.7%；肥东县是发病数最多的地区，占55.4%；发病人群以31～50岁年龄组（75.9%）和男性为主（99.1%）；非洲国家（99.6%）是最主要的感染来源地。283例（61.5%）病例在境外有疟疾患病史；346例（75.2%）病例在初诊单位就得到了明确诊断。病例从发病到确诊的时间中位数为2 d。结论 虽然境外输入性疟疾发生数呈现下降趋势，合肥市疟疾防控形势仍然严峻。既要保持消除本地感染疟疾的成果，同时做好输入性性疟疾防控，应采取针对性的防控措施。

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of imported malaria from 2013 to 2018 in Hefei City

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria from 2013 to 2018 in Hefei City, and to provide scientific basis for imported malaria control and prevention measures. Methods Materials of imported malaria from 2013 to 2018 in Hefei City was collected. Epidemic characteristics，parasite species，diagnosis and treatment and source infection were analyzed. Results 460 imported malaria cases were reported from 2013 to 2018 in Hefei, and the average annual incidence rate was 0.98/100,000, including 368 (80.0%) falciparum malaria cases. The largest number of cases occurred in June(15.7%). The number of imported malaria case in Feidong County was first, accounted for 55.4%. The majority of the cases were 31-50 years old (75.9%) and male(99.1%), and the main source of infection was African countries (99.6%). 283 cases (61.5%) were infected in abroad. 346 cases (75.2%) were definitely diagnosed in the first visit. There were significant differences among different levels of hospital diagnosed malaria cases. The median was 2 days from onset to diagnosis. Conclusion Although the incidence of imported malaria shows a downtrend, malaria prevention and control situation were still grim in Hefei City. We should maintain the results of eliminating local malaria, prevent and control imported malaria.