40例过敏性休克的预防、抢救及护理体会

目的：过敏性休克多在输液中发生,病情危重、变化快,如不及早发现和正确处理,将危及生命造成医疗纠纷,严重扰乱医疗秩序,无论对患者及家属,还是对医护人员、医院都将是巨大损害和严重的心理冲击。所以,探讨如何尽量避免过敏性休克的发生和对已发生的事故尽量采用合理方案,提高抢救成功率,显得尤为重要。方法：本院2005－2010年对40例不同药物过敏性休克患者采用一整套的抢救、护理措施,并回顾对照40例。结果：观察组40例抢救成功率为100%,平均恢复时间为1d。对照组40例,抢救成功24例,死亡16例,患者恢复时间平均为4d,成功率为60%。结论：笔者认为医护人员应保持警觉心理,任何药物输液均有可能发生过敏甚至休克,如有休克,应尽早使用肾上腺素、地塞米松等,切勿大意,切勿单用苯海拉明。在输液前,应详细询问过敏史以及患者是否为过敏体质,尽量减少过敏发生率。

40 cases of anaphylactic shock in the prevention and rescue and nursing

Objective： Anaphylactic shock occured more in the infusion,becoming critical condition, changing fast. Without early detection and proper treatment, it would be life-threatening medical disputes serious impact on the medical order, both the patients and their families, or on the medical staff, hospitals would be enormous damage and severe psychological impact. Therefore, to explore ways to avoid the occurrence of anaphylactic shock occurring and to take reasonable solution as far as possible to improve the success rate, it was particularly important. Methods： Our hospital in 2005 to 2010 for a different drug 40 cases of anaphylactic shock using a set of rescue, care and measures the success rate of 100%, and 40 cases were reviewed. Results： Observed group 40 patients rescued, the the survival rate was 100%, the average recovery time was 1 day; control group 24 patients rescued, died 16 cases, the survival rate was 60%, the average recovery time was 4 d. Conclusion： That should remain alert to mental health care, infusion of any drug allergies are likely to occur or even shock. If patients in shock, as soon as possible to use epinephrine, dexamethasone, and not to the effect, alone diphenhydramine trouble. Before the infusion,patients should be asked in detail about allergies to reduce the incidence of allergies, whether the patient is allergic.