颞下-乙状窦后联合锁孔入路显微手术治疗岩斜区脑膜瘤

目的：探讨应用颞下-乙状窦后联合锁孔入路显微手术切除岩斜区脑膜瘤的方法和经验，以及岩斜区脑膜瘤的微侵袭手术入路和方法，提高肿瘤的全部切除率与术后疗效。方法：回顾性分析经颞下-乙状窦后联合锁孔入路治疗的21例岩斜区脑膜瘤的临床资料，总结联合锁孔手术的方法和技巧，并对肿瘤切除程度和手术前后功能状态评分（Karnofsky performance score，KPS）进行分析，其中在神经导航引导下手术9例，在神经电生理监测下进行的手术12例。结果：肿瘤全部切除(Simpson Ⅰ、Ⅱ级)18例(85.7%，18/21)，次(近)切除(SimpsonⅢ级)3例(14.3%， 3/21),术后三维CT显露锁孔骨瓣复位良好,术后病理均证实为脑膜瘤。术后新增颅神经功能障碍或原有神经功能障碍加重5例(23.8%)，其中短暂性滑车神经3例、外展神经1例、三叉神经运动支麻痹1例。出现外展神经麻痹的1例，同时伴有听力障碍加重。术后3个月随访时，11例KPS同术前，7例术后改善,3例加重。KPS平均评分77.14±23.12，与术前比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后随访半年，恢复良好者19例（KPS≥70），恢复一般2例（KPS＜70）。术后随访3~29个月，无肿瘤复发或进展。结论：颞下-乙状窦后联合锁孔入路是简便、安全、微创、理想的切除岩斜区脑膜瘤的手术入路，掌握手术技巧和术中注意事项，有利于提高肿瘤的全部切除率和术后疗效。

Microsurgical management of petroclival meningiomas combined trans-subtemporal and suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach

Objective:With the development of modern skull base minimally invasive technology mature and neural radio surgery techniques,it is necessary to re-examine the therapeutic strategy for the treat-ment of petroclival meningiomas.To sum up the operative experience and methods in microsurgical resec-tion of petroclival meningiomas by the combining trans-subtemporal and suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach.To explore the minimally invasive operation approach of petroclival meningiomas,to raise the removal degree and to improve the postoperative result using this approach.Methods:The clinical data of the consecutive 21 patients with the petroclival meningiomas were reviewed retrospectively.The meth-od,degree of tumor resection,techniques of the combining keyhole approach,Karnofsky performance score (KPS)before and after operation were also analyzed.The neuronavigation guided operation was performed in 9 cases,and 12 cases were operated in the neuroelectrophysiological monitoring.Results:Total excision of the tumor resection (Simpson,Ⅰ -Ⅱlevels)was conducted in 18 cases (85.7%,18 /21),and 3 patients underwent close resection (Simpson Ⅲ level,14.3%,3 /21).Postoperative three-dimensional CT showed good lock bone flap restoration;Postoperative pathology confirmed meningioma. Postoperative cranial nerve dysfunction or new original nerve dysfunction were aggravated in 5 cases (23.8%),including transient trochlear nerve (3 cases),abducent nerve (1 case),and the motor branch of trigeminal nerve paralysis (1 case).Abducent nerve paralysis (1 case)appeared,with hearing impairment.After the 3-month follow-up,11 cases had the same KPS aspreoperation,7 cases improved,and 3 cases not improved.The KPS score was 77.14 ±23.12 on average,and there was no statistically significant difference compared with that before operation (P >0.05 ).The postoperative follow-up for half a year showed fluent speaking and writing in 19 cases (KPS 70 or higher),and general recovery in 2 cases (KPS <70).The postoperative follow-up for 3 -29 months showed no tumor recur-rence or progress.Conclusion:The combining trans-subtemporal and suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach is simple,safe,and minimally invasive,and an ideal operation approach of petroclival menin-gioma.To master the operation skills and the intraoperative matters needing attention in the operation,is favorable to improve the resection rate and curative effect.