2013—2017年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区前列腺癌发病死亡情况及趋势分析

目的：分析2013—2017年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区前列腺癌发病死亡情况及变化趋势。方法：收集2013—2017年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区上报的前列腺癌发病与死亡资料，计算发病（死亡）率、标化发病（死亡）率、累积率（0~74岁）等，标化率采用2000年全国人口普查标准人口构成和Segi's世界标准人口构成作为标准。年度变化百分比（APC）使用Joinpoint软件计算。结果：2013—2017年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区前列腺癌发病率为6.50/10万，中标发病率为3.71/10万，累积率（0~74岁）为0.35%。城市地区前列腺癌发病率（8.05/10万）高于农村地区（2.83/10万）。2013—2017年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区前列腺癌死亡率为3.41/10万，中标死亡率为1.90/10万，累积率（0~74岁）为0.16%。城市地区前列腺癌死亡率（4.20/10万）高于农村地区（1.53/10万）。前列腺癌发病率和死亡率均随年龄升高呈上升趋势。2013—2017年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区前列腺癌中标发病率和中标死亡率均呈上升趋势，但差异无统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论：黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区前列腺癌发病率和死亡率均随年龄的增长而上升，城市地区高于农村地区，建议加强重点人群尤其是高龄人群的前列腺癌防治。

Epidemiological characteristics of prostate cancer in tumor registration areas of the Heilongjiang Province from 2013 to 2017

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the trend of incidence, mortality and time of prostatic cancer in cancer registration area of Heilongjiang Province from 2013 to 2017. METHODS: The incidence (mortality) rate,age-standardized incidence (mortality) rate and cumulative rate (0-74 years old) of prostatic cancer in the tumor registration area of Heilongjiang Province from 2013 to 2017 were calculated. Chinese population census in 2000 and World Segi's standard population were used for age-standardized evaluation. Annual Percentage changes (APC) were calculated using Joinpoint software. RESULTS: From 2013 to 2017, the incidence of prostatic cancer in the tumor registration area was 6.50×10^-5, age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population (ASR China) of 3.71×10-5, and the cumulative rate (0-74 years old) was 0.35%. The incidence of prostatic cancer in urban areas (8.05×10^-5) was higher than that in rural areas (2.83×10^-5). From 2013 to 2017,the mortality rate of prostatic cancer was 3.41×10^-5,ASR China mortality of 1.90×10^-5,and the cumulative rate (0-74 years old) was 0.16%. The mortality rate of prostatic cancer in urban areas (4.20×10^-5) was higher than that in rural areas (1.53×10^-5). The incidence and mortality rates increased with age. Although ASR China incidence and mortality showed an upward trend,the differences were not statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence rate and mortality rate of prostatic cancer in Heilongjiang cancer registry area increased with age. City areas were higher than that in rural area. It is suggested to strengthen the prevention and treatment of prostatic cancer in key populations,especially among the elderlies.