可逆性输尿管部分梗阻动物模型的建立

目的 建立可逆性输尿管部分梗阻（PUUO）动物模型，并观察部分梗阻肾脏形态学改变。方法 成年雄性SD大鼠72只，将右侧输尿管上段埋入腰大肌建立PUUO动物模型，随机分为观察组和梗阻解除组。观察组24只，分别于1、2、4、8周各取6只，行二维超声检查及病理学检查；梗阻解除组48只，分别在2、4周各为24只大鼠解除梗阻，于梗阻解除后1、2、4、8周各取6只，行二维超声及病理学检查。结果 梗阻后积水肾盂前后径（APD）、肾盂容积（V）逐渐增大，最大肾实质厚度（RCT）逐渐减小，与正常值比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01），各时间段之间比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；梗阻解除后，APD、V逐渐变小，RCT逐渐增加，与梗阻解除前比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01），各时间段之间比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。梗阻解除越早，恢复越快，病理学检查也支持这一结果。结论 该模型成功复制了PUUO所致肾脏形态学改变，是一种理想的PUUO动物模型。

Establishment of a model of partial unilateral ureter obstruction

Objective To establish an experimental model of reversible partial unilateral ureter obstruction(PUUO),and investigate the morphological change caused by PUUO.Methods Twenty-four rats were subjected to right upper ureter obstruction by embedding upper half of the ureter into ipsilateral psoas,and ultrasound and pathology examinations were performed at 1,2,4,and 8 weeks after operation.48 rats were established PUUO and then relieved the obstruction by dissecting the ureter from psoas groove and returning its normal anatomical position at 2 and 4 weeks after PUUO,and ultrasound and pathology examinations were performed at 1,2,4,and 8 weeks after obstruction was relieved.Results The collecting-system of the obstructed kidney was dilated progressively,APD and V were higher,and RCT was thinner than those of normal control at every interval(P<0.01). Hydronephrosis recovered following the relief of obstruction.The earlier relief gains the quicker improvement.Conclusion Embedding upper half of ureter into ipsilateral psoas produced severe PUUO.Obstruction can be easily reversed by dissecting the ureter from psoas groove and returning its normal anatomical position.It is a reliable and simple technique for the production of reversible PUUO.