免疫系统调节在青光眼性视神经病变中的作用

青光眼是一种以进行性视网膜神经节细胞及其轴突丧失为特征且伴有视野敏感度降低的慢性视神经变性疾病。随着近年来免疫学研究的深入,免疫系统调节在青光眼性视神经保护中的作用越来越引起了研究者的高度重视。当机体免疫系统出现异常调节时,自身免疫反应和应激介导的免疫反应也将导致视神经的退行性改变。全面、系统地了解免疫系统在青光眼视神经病变中的作用,对于确立有效的视神经保护策略具有重要的指导意义。因此,有必要就免疫系统在青光眼性视神经病变中的作用予以综述。

Role of immune system in glaucomatous optic nerve degeneration

Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve axons, and accompanying loss of visual field sensitivity. With the development of immunology, compelling evidence obtained suggests the involvement of immune system regulation in glaucomatous optic nerve degeneration. Despite the neuroprotective features of immune system, an autoimmune component resulting from a failure to properly control aberrant and stress-induced immune response likely lead to the progression of neurodegeneration in glaucoma. A better understanding of the diverse roles of the immune system in all forms of glaucomatous optic nerve degeneration will facilitate the development of effective neuroprotective strategies in glaucoma. The effect of immune system on glaucomatous neuropathy is reviewed in this article.