广西感染性腹泻病例求医行为特征及影响因素研究

目的了解广西居民腹泻病例的求医行为特征及其影响因素,为进一步行为干预提供依据。方法采用社区整群随机抽样,开展入户调查。从中筛选出腹泻病例,收集相关信息进行分析。结果夏、冬季节2次调查总共访问家庭11 865户,共42 330人。调查中收集腹泻病例442例,其中21.04%的病例未做任何治疗,50.90%的病例选择自行服药治疗,26.02%的病例到各级医疗机构门诊求医,2.04%的病例到医疗机构住院治疗。腹泻病例的单日最高腹泻次数、腹泻天数、病例年龄是求医行为强度的影响因素。冬季腹泻病例的求医行为强度高于夏季腹泻病例,城市腹泻病例和农村腹泻病例之间、男性腹泻病例和女性腹泻病例之间的求医行为强度差异无统计学意义。结论本次调查样本量大,收集腹泻病例多,抽样较为合理。广西居民对腹泻病这一类发病普遍、有自限性的疾病关注程度不高,其求医的意愿并不强烈,腹泻病就诊率较低。大部分病例选择自行服药治疗。居民对低年龄和高年龄的＂老幼＂人群的健康关注程度较高,其求医行为强度也相应较高。

Study on health seeking behavior and its influential factors in infectious diarrhea,Guangxi

Objective To understand the health seeking behavior characters and affecting factors of diarrhea cases in Guangxi,to provide evidences for disease control.Methods Home visits were carried out in summer and winter in communities or villages selected by method of random cluster sampling in Liuzhou City and Luocheng County.The diarrhea cases were captured in survey,and related information were collected and analyzed.Results In two surveys,a total of 42 330 person-times were covered and 442 diarrhea cases were detected.Among the diarrhea cases,50.90% of them chose taking medicine by themselves and 26.02% went for outpatient,and 2.04% of them went for hospitalization.Diarrhea frequency,disease course and age of patients were related with health seeking intensity.There was a significant difference in health seeking intensity between case of summer and winter.Conclusions Large converge and certain quantity of cases were observed in this survey.Diarrhea disease still causes disease burden to some extent,potential risk factors of infectious diarrhea still exist.Citizens in Guangxi Province don＇t pay much attention to the diarrhea disease;most of them take medicine by themselves without visiting doctors.Young and old population are concerned intensively.It is necessary to improve the awareness of diarrhea disease control and rational use of antibiotics.