炭疽减毒活疫苗免疫小鼠的最佳剂量筛选

目的本文研究了炭疽减毒活疫苗免疫小鼠的最佳安全、有效剂量，为进一步在小鼠体内进行多疫苗联合接种的安全性和有效性研究提供理论依据。方法将炭疽疫苗分为4个剂量组，经皮下接种小鼠，每周采集尾血。采用ELISA间接法检测血清中特异性抗-PAIgG抗体和抗芽孢IgG抗体；以体重、免疫反应、血液学指标以及病理学等指标对疫苗的安全性和有效性进行评价。结果疫苗接种后，小鼠能够对各剂量产生免疫反应，1／5和1／10剂量组能诱导较高、较快血清抗体滴度的增加，免疫12周后，血清抗体效价仍维持在较高的水平，而1／20和1／40剂量组抗体滴度相对较低，各个剂量组间抗体水平存在统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论1／10人用剂量组是安全和有效的最佳剂量，可作为炭疽疫苗与其他疫苗联合接种或炭疽疫苗改进的小鼠实验用量。

Screening of the optimal dose for immunization to live attenuated anthrax vaccine in mice

Objective To find the optimally safe and effective dose of live attenuated anthrax vaccine in mice for the further study on the safety and efficacy of multiple vaccines simultaneously administered. Methods Mice were randomized into 4 dose groups, and were injected subcutaneously with different doses of anthrax vaccine. Blood was collected from tail veins every week for detecting the specific IgG to PA and spore by indirect ELISA. The mice were sacrificed at the twelfth week after inoculation. Body weight, immunological response, pathology indices, biochemical indices and spontaneous activity were monitored. Results IgG were induced in the mice inoculated with the vaccine at 1/5 and 1/10 human vaccine dose rapidly and were maintained at a high level even 12 weeks after inoculation. However, antibody titers of 1/20 and 1/40 human dose were relatively low. There was a significant difference among the antibody titers in different groups. Conclusions 1/10 human dose is preferred as the optimal choice for the safety and the efficacy. The present work provides a basis for further research into multiple vaccines simultaneously inoculated and development of the anthrax vaccine in mice.