1 238例近视手术患者散光状况分析

目的统计青年近视人群散光状况，分析散光组成和分布特征。方法横断面研究。收集2011年5月至2012年10月在山东医专附属眼科医院准分子激光中心接受近视治疗的1 238例患者（2 476眼），年龄（21.5±4.1）岁。分别统计这些患者全眼散光度、角膜散光度、晶状体散光度以及散光轴向分布，计算各项所占百分比。结果本组2 476眼中散光眼占65.14%，平均全眼散光度为（0.58±0.62）D，角膜散光占优势地位，平均为（1.06±0.59）D，晶状体散光为（0.58±0.40）D。全眼散光中顺规散光占49.39%，逆规散光占8.19%，斜轴散光占7.56%，单纯近视占34.86%。在角膜散光轴向中，85.26%为顺规性，3.19%为逆规性，6.99%为斜轴散光，4.56%的角膜无散光。在晶状体散光轴向中，4.16%为顺规性，73.10%为逆规性，7.19%为斜轴散光，15.55%的晶状体无散光。引起散光的因素中，单纯角膜散光占13.25%，单纯晶状体散光占1.78%，混合因素引起的散光占81.99%，各因素均无散光占2.99%。结论山东医学高等专科学校附属眼科医院欲行近视手术的青年患者中，角膜散光是眼散光的主要来源，全眼散光和角膜散光以顺规散光为主。

Analysis of astigmatism of 1 238 cases myopic patients who were scheduled for refractive surgery

ObjectiveTo analyze the astigmatism in a myopic population who were scheduled for refractive surgery in Linyi and learn the composition and distribution of astigmatism. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional analysis of 1 238 patients （2 476 eyes） in a youth population who underwent excimer laser treatment in the Eye Hospital from May 2011 to October 2012. Measurements were taken of total astigmatism， corneal astigmatism， lens astigmatism and astigmatism axis. ResultsThe prevalence of astigmatism in these 2 476 eyes was 65.14%， with an average total astigmatism of 0.58±0.62 D， corneal astigmatism accounted for the largest percentage with a mean of 1.06±0.59 D， and the mean lens astigmatism was 0.58±0.40 D. For total astigmatism， the percent of with-the-rule astigmatism was 49.39%， against-the-rule astigmatism was 8.19%， oblique astigmatism was 7.56%， and 34.86% had no astigmatism. For corneal astigmatism， the ratio for with-the-rule astigmatism was 85.26%， against-the-rule astigmatism was 3.19%， oblique astigmatism was 6.99%，and 4.56% had no astigmatism. For lens astigmatism， the ratio of with-the-rule astigmatism was 4.16%， against-the-rule astigmatism was 73.10%， oblique astigmatism was 7.19%， and 15.55% had no astigmatism. Simple corneal astigmatism accounted for 13.25%， simple lens astigmatism accounted for 1.78%， and mixed factors caused astigmatism in 81.99%. There was no astigmatism in 2.99% for each previous category. ConclusionCorneal astigmatism is a major factor in the total astigmatism of a youth population who underwent excimer laser treatment. With-the-rule astigmatism is the main category in both total astigmatism and corneal astigmatism.