青海省2001～2005年孕产妇死亡监测与干预研究

目的]研究并分析青海省孕产妇死亡的基本特点与发展趋势，探讨干预措施。方法]采用回顾性统计调查的分析方法，对青海省2001～2005年10个监测点孕产妇的个案表、调查报告及评审结果进行系统管理与分析。结果]2001～2005年5年间，青海省孕产妇死亡率呈逐步下降趋势，从119.6/10万下降到80.7/10万；孕产妇死因前5位依次为产科出血、妊高征、妊娠合并心脏病、其他产科原因、羊水栓塞，产科出血在总死亡中占较大比例（50.8%）；分娩地点与死亡地点以家中和途中为主；评审结果中可避免死亡和创造条件可避免死亡占93.6%。结论]2001～2005年青海省孕产妇死亡率在稳步下降，但仍高于全国平均水平，在继续加强医疗保健人员的知识技能水平的基础上，进一步提高孕产妇系统管理及高危转诊，提高住院分娩率仍是降低孕产妇死亡率的重点。

SURVEIILLANCE AND INTERVENTION ON MATERNAL DEATH IN QINGHAI PROVINCE DURING 2001-2005

Objective] To study the characteristics and trend of maternal death in Qinghai Province, and to explore the intervention measures. Methods] A retrospective study was performed to analyze the data of enrollment, investigation and es- timation of maternal death in ten monitoring sites in Qinghai Province during 2001-2005. Results] During 2001-2005, the maternal mortality rate in Qinghai Province decreased from 119.6/100 000 to 80.7/100 000 gradually; the main reasons or maternal death were obstetric hemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, pregnancy combined with heart disease, other obstetric reasons, and amniotic fluid embolism in order. Death caused by obstetric hemorrhage accounted for 50.8%. And most of maternal deaths happened at home and delivery place. According the estimation results, 93.6% deaths could be avoided and avoided if given necessary condition. Conclusions] The maternal mortality rate in Qinghai Province during 2001-2005 is descending steadily, but it is still higher than the national level. The key points of lowering the maternal mortality rate in Qinghai Province are to strengthen the levels of knowledge and skill of medical and health care personnel, further improve the systematic management and referral in crisis of pregnant and parturient women, and promote the rate of delivery in hospital.