濮阳市控烟措施的效果评价研究

目的评价濮阳市控烟措施实施的效果,并探索一套控烟效果的评价指标。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,共调查1551名15岁以上城区居民,另外收集有关资料。结果烟草销售量下降熏2001年销售量比1993年下降22.5%。总人群现在吸烟率为20.8%,比1996年全国水平低14.5个百分点(P<0.01);戒烟率为14.2%,比1996年全国高4.8个百分点(P<0.01);被动吸烟率为39.0%,比1996年全国水平低14.5个百分点(P<0.01);吸烟有关知识知晓率显著提高(P<0.01)。社会风气好转。多因素分析表明,人群吸烟行为的改变与控烟措施有关。结论控烟措施有效地改变了人群的吸烟行为。但是女性的吸烟问题没有得到有效遏制。评价方法和指标是可行的,有效的。

An Evaluation Study on the Effects of Comprehensive Tobacco Control Interventions in Pu-Yang city

Objectives To evaluate the effects of tobacco control in Pu-Yang city, and to explore a series of indexes for evaluating the effects. Methods 1551 citizens aged over 15 years old, who were selected by a randomized multi-stage sampling, were investigated with questionnaire. Data of local tobacco control activities were also collected. Results The sales volume of tobacco in 2001 declined by 22.5% compared with that in 1993. The current smoking rate was 20.8% in the general population, which was 14.5% lower than that in 1996 from a national survey(P<0.01). The current rate of quitting smoking was 14.2%, which was 4.8% higher than that in 1996(P<0.01). The rate of passive smoke exposure was 39.0%, which was 14.5% lower than that in 1996(P<0.01). Most people had understood the hazard of smoking and passive smoking. The prevailing habits had been changed. The multivariate analysis showed that smoking behavior was influenced by control measures. Conclusions The smoking habits in Pu-Yang people was changed effectively, but in women it had not been controlled. Meanwhile, the methods and evaluating indexes in the study were proved feasible and effective.