实验性牙移动中三叉神经节P2X3受体蛋白量及mRNA的表达变化

目的 研究正畸牙移动中P2X3受体蛋白量及mRNA在三叉神经节（TG）中的表达变化规律。方法 以雄性SD大鼠为实验对象，模拟临床矫治的牙移动过程，分别在实验4 h，1 d，2 d，3 d，5 d，7 d 和14 d时取出三叉神经节，应用Western blot分析检测P2X3受体蛋白的表达量，同时应用原位杂交方法对P2X3受体的表达部位及强度变化进行研究。结果 大鼠牙齿加力后，Western blot分析观察发现TG内P2X3受体蛋白量发生一定变化，并呈现一定的时间规律，在实验1 d后开始出现变化，3 d后达到高峰，14 d后下降至与对照组基本一致。同时观察到TG内P2X3 mRNA杂交信号阳性标记神经元的数量呈现一定的时间规律，与Western blot分析结果基本一致。结论 在大鼠牙移动过程中，TG中P2X3受体表达为一过性变化，呈现短时上调的规律，时间与正畸牙移动时的疼痛时间吻合，推测P2X3在正畸牙移动中可能与疼痛传导密切相关，但其作用机制还有待进一步探索。

Differential Regulation of P2X3 Protein Expression in the Rat Trigeminal Ganglion after Experimental Tooth Movement

Objective To investigate the regulation of P2X3 protein expression in the trigeminal ganglion sensory neurons after the nociceptive stimulation by orthodontic tooth movement force. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were used. The mimic tooth movement appliance was used in experimental group rats. The animals were sacrificed after 4 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d and 14 d. The semi-quality of P2X3 protein was measured by Western blot. The expression place and strength of P2X3 was detected by in situ hybridization with an oligonucleotide probe in the same time. Results A major specific protein of 4.5x104 was found by Western blot in trigem- inal ganglion of rats. The expression strength of P2X3 receptor increased after given force to the teeth of rats from 1 clay of experiment, 3 clay group rats showed peak change. 14 clay group had returned to control values. The level change of P2X3 mRNA expression showed the same result. Conclusion The results suggest that the P2X3 receptor expression is transiently upregulated and anterogradely transported in trigeminal primary sensory neurons after orthodontic tooth movement and that P2X3 receptor may play role in the pathomechanism of nociceptive in primary sensory neurons during orthodontic clinic treatment.