下岗职工精神健康及其社会支持和应付方式的调查

目的 了解社会支持和应付方式与下岗职工精神健康的关系。方法 对468名下岗职工以及512名在岗职工进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表、应付方式评定量表测定，比较其心理健康水平、应付方式和社会支持强度。结果 大约有61．32％的下岗职工存在不同程度的心理健康问题，主要症状为躯体化、焦虑、抑郁等。与对照组职工相比，下岗组职工多采用回避、幻想等消极的应付方式，而且其客观支持、主观支持以及对社会支持的利用程度均低于对照组。同时，女性下岗职工的精神健康水平低于男性下岗职工，而且其应付方式以及社会支持量表的评分也低于同组男性职工。结论 如果缺乏适当的应付措施和社会支持，下岗可能导致比较强烈的心理应激反应，从而损害下岗职工的身心健康。

Investigation on the mental health of laid-off workers and the impact of social support and coping style

To explore the relations between social support, coping styles and mental health of laid-off workers. 468 laid-off workers and 512 employed workers were selected and determined with SCL-90, SSQ and WCRS to compare their differences in mental health, coping style and social support.About 61.32% of the laid-off workers have psychological problems with main symptoms like somatization, anxiety and depression. Compared with the contrast group, more laid-off workers choose hypothesized, avoidant coping styles and have lower level of objective support, subjective support and make less use of social support. Meanwhile, those index of female laid-offs are lower than that of male ones.[Conclusion]Unemployment may lead to psychological stress and impair their health in the case of lacking sound coping style and social support.