不稳定型心绞痛与急性心肌梗死患者心理状况和应对方式的比较研究

目的比较不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)和急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的心理状况、应对方式及两者之间的关系,为心理及行为护理提供理论依据.方法采用心脏患者心理状况问卷(HPPQ)、医学应对问卷(MCMQ)分别对85例UAP患者和88例AMI患者的心理状况和应对方式进行测评.结果 AMI组患者心理状况差于UAP组患者(P<0.05);UAP组患者与AMI组患者在采用回避、屈服的应对方式上的差异存在显著性意义(P<0.05);两组患者不同的应对方式(面对、回避、屈服)与心理状况的不同维度(自主健康感、无能为力感、沮丧感、社交障碍感)之间的相关性也有所不同.结论 AMI比UAP患者需要更多的心理支持,对UAP和AMI患者应采取不同应对方式的干预以促进其心理健康.

Comparison of psychological status and coping style between patients with unstable angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction

Objective This study was to compare the psychological status, coping style and their relationship between patients with unstable angina pectoris(UAP) and acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Method The instrument used for this study were Heart Patients Psychological Questionnaire (HPPQ) and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ). Eighty-five UAP patients and eighty-eight AMI patients were investigated.Results The results showed that the psychological status in AMI patients were significantly worse than that of UAP patients(P<0.05).There were significantly difference in using avoidance and resignation coping style between UAP and AMI patients(P<0.05).The correlation between coping style and psychological status was different in UAP and AMI patients.Conclusion The findings suggest that AMI patients need more psychological supports than UAP patients do. Nurses should conduct different coping styles on UAP and AMI patients to promote psychological health.