2013年山东、江苏四县成年居民减盐知识、态度和行为现状

目的对山东、江苏四县居民减盐知识、态度和行为现状进行调查,分析相关影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,2013年在山东省潍坊市高密市和烟台市福山区、江苏省连云港市赣榆县和徐州市新沂市抽取9573名18～69岁居民开展减盐防控高血压知识、态度和行为问卷调查和血压、身高、体重等体格检查,计算居民减盐知识、态度和行为水平,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析知识、态度和行为的影响因素。结果调查对象中高血压患者3214人(33.57%)。山东、江苏四县居民减盐知识知晓率为22.50%～51.35%;减盐态度支持率为82.24%～93.01%,减盐行为率为10.86%～46.16%。经Logistic分析,文化程度对减盐知识影响最大(初中vs.小学及以下:OR=2.30,95%CI 2.06～2.57;高中及以上vs.小学及以下:OR=5.00,95%CI 4.35～5.76),知识对减盐态度影响最大(OR=3.10,95%CI 2.80～3.43),也对减盐行为影响最大(OR=4.66,95%CI 4.29～5.07),年龄45～69岁者较18～44岁者知识水平低(OR=0.64,95%CI 0.58～0.71)但行为水平高(OR=1.18,95%CI 1.09～1.29),山东两县居民减盐知识(OR=3.66,95%CI 3.34～4.01)和态度水平(OR=1.84,95%CI 1.69～2.02)高于江苏。结论山东、江苏四县居民减盐知识知晓率低、态度支持率高及行为率低,应注重减盐行为的实际应用。

Knowledge,attitude and practice of salt reduction among residents in four counties of Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces in 2013

OBJECTIVE To explore current status of knowledge,attitude and practice of salt reduction among adults in four counties of Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces,and analyze the relevant influencing factors.METHODS In 2013,multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select the adults(aged 18-69)in Gaomi City of Weifang City and Fushan Distract of Yantai City,Shandong Province,and Xinyi City of Xuzhou City and Ganyu County of Lianyungang City,Jiangsu Province.A total of 9573 subjects were included.Knowledge,attitude and practice of anti-hypertension by low salt was collected using questionnaire and physical examination was conducted.Then the level of knowledge,attitude and practice of salt reduction was calculated,and multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS A total of 3214 people had hypertension(33.57%),and the proportion of overweight and obesity was 36.20%and 19.48%,respectively.The awareness rate of salt reduction knowledge was between 22.50%and 51.35%;the attitude of salt reduction was between 82.24%and 93.01%,and the rate of salt reduction was between 10.86%and 46.16%.According to Logistic analysis,the degree of education had the greatest impact on knowledge(junior high school vs.elementary school and below:OR=2.30,95%CI 2.06-2.57,high school and above vs.elementary school and below:OR=5.00,95%CI 4.35-5.76).The knowledge level had the greatest impact on attitude(OR=3.10,95%CI 2.80-3.43)and practice(OR=4.66,95%CI 4.29-5.07).Those aged 45-69 years old had lower knowledge level(OR=0.64,95%CI 0.58-0.71)but higher practice(OR=1.18,95%CI 1.09-1.29).The knowledge(OR=3.66,95%CI 3.34-4.01)and attitude(OR=1.84,95%CI 1.69-2.02)of salt reduction among residents in Shandong were higher than those in Jiangsu.CONCLUSION The awareness rate of knowledge is lower,the attitude support rate is higher,and the practice rate is lower among residents in Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces.More attention should be paid to the practical application of salt reduction.