2015年中国15省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上居民烹调油和烹调盐消费状况

目的了解2015年中国15省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上老年居民烹调油和烹调盐的消费状况。方法 2015年"中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究"采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,本研究选取具有完整膳食数据的60岁及以上的老年居民(共4897人)作为研究对象,分析不同性别、年龄、受教育程度、家庭人均收入水平、居住地特征和地域老年居民的烹调油和烹调盐消费量。膳食调查采用个人连续3 d 24 h膳食回顾法,结合家庭称重法。根据家庭成员的膳食能量比估算每个家庭成员烹调油和盐等调味品的分配比例,并进一步计算每个家庭成员的烹调油和盐等调味品消费量。结果研究人群烹调油消费量P50为29.81 g/d;烹调盐消费量P50为7.84 g/d。男性、60～69岁、受教育程度初中及以下者、农村居民烹调油和烹调盐的消费量相对较高;南方居民烹调油的消费量相对较高;中、低家庭人均收入者及北方居民烹调盐的消费量相对较高。29.24%的老年居民烹调油消费量低于推荐量,59.71%的老年居民则超过推荐量;烹调盐消费量超过推荐量的老年居民比例则高达77.64%。老年居民对《中国居民膳食指南》的知晓率为22.36%。结论中国15省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上老年居民烹调油和烹调盐消费量总体偏高,营养健康知识有待于进一步提高。

Cooking oil and salt consumption among the Chinese aged 60 and above in 15 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) in 2015

OBJECTIVE To analyze the cooking oil and salt consumption among the Chinese elderly aged 60 years old and above in 2015.METHODS A multistage,random cluster design was employed in China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study 2015 to select a stratified probability sample.A total of 4897 participants aged 60 years old and above were included in the analysis.Cooking oil and salt consumption was described among different genders,age groups,educational levels,income levels, residence areas and regions.Dietary data were collected by three consecutive 24 hour recalls and weighting method ,and consumption of cooking oil,salt and other flavorings were calculated based on dietary energy ratio of the family.RESULTS The median of cooking oil and salt consumption was 29.81 g/d and 7.84 g/d,respectively.Males,aged 60-69,lower educated,and living in rural area,consumed more cooking oil and salt.The southern residents consumed cooking oil at higher levels.The elderly with lower household income per capita and northern residents,consumed cooking salt at higher levels.The rate of the elderly who consumed more cooking oil and salt than recommended were 59.71% and 77.64%,respectively.The rate of the elderly who consumed less cooking oil than recommended were 29.24%.22.36% of the elderly heard of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese.CONCLUSION The elderly consumed cooking oil and salt at high level,and we need to publicize the knowledge of nutrition to lower the consumption in the near future.