沈阳某校中学生健康素养和视屏时间与抑郁症状的关联

目的探讨中学生健康素养和视屏时间与抑郁症状的关联。方法 2017年12月,采用方便整群抽样方法选取沈阳市某中学初一至高三1062名中学生为调查对象,对象年龄为(15. 38±1. 74)岁,其中男生576名,女生486名。采用自制问卷、中国青少年互动性健康素养问卷(CAIHLQ)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)调查和评定人口统计学信息、健康素养水平、学习日视屏时间及抑郁症状。采用χ^2检验比较不同特征中学生的抑郁症状检出率,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析视屏时间和健康素养(包括人际关系,压力管理和精神成长三个维度)及其不同组合与抑郁症状的关联。结果中学生抑郁症状检出率为26. 1%(277/1062)。相对初中生、自评家庭经济一般/良好和视屏时间正常,高中生、自评家庭经济状况差和视屏时间过长的学生抑郁症状检出率较高(χ^2值分别为15. 090、10. 510和4. 832,P <0. 05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,低健康素养、视屏时间过长和低精神成长均与中学生抑郁症状正向关联(P<0. 05)。相同健康素养水平情况下,视屏时间越长抑郁症状检出率越高。视屏时间过长且低健康素养水平的中学生抑郁症状检出率最高51. 7%(30/58),OR=5. 741(95%CI 2. 999~10. 999)。结论视屏时间和健康素养是抑郁症状的相关因素,低健康素养且视屏时间过长的中学生抑郁症状检出率最高。

Association of health literacy and screen time with depressive symptoms among middle school students

OBJECTIVE To examine the association of health literacy( HL),screen time and depressive symptoms in middle school students. METHODS In December 2017,a convenient cluster sampling method was used to select all the students from Junior 1 to Senior 3 in a middle school in Shenyang City in the cooperation area as the subjects. And 1062 valid questionnaires were collected,with the use of the group’s self-made questionnaire. The average age of the 1062 students was( 15. 38 ± 1. 74) years old,among which 576 boys and 486 girls were surveyed. Questionnaires survey was conducted to collect information on demographics,health literacy,screen time of study day and depressive symptoms. The Chi-square test was performed according to group differences,and multiple Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of health literacy( including three dimensions of interpersonal relationship, stress management and mental growth) and screen time and their different combinations and depressive symptoms. RESULTS The detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students was 26. 1%( 277/1062). The prevalence of depressive symptoms among students in high school students,low family income and longer screen time was significantly higher than their peers(χ^2 were 15. 090,10. 510,4. 832,P < 0. 05). Data from multiple logistic regression analyses showed that low health literacy,longer screen time and low mental growth were positively correlated with depressive symptoms in middle school students( P < 0. 05). In the same level of health literacy,with the increase of screen time,the higher the detection rate of depressive symptoms of middle school students,the highest detection rate of depressive symptoms of middle school students with longer screen time and low health literacy was 51. 7%( 30/58),and the OR value was 5. 741( 95% CI 2. 999-10. 999). CONCLUSION Health literacy and screen time are related factors of depressive symptoms. The detection rate of depressive symptoms of middle school students with longer screen time and low health literacy is the highest.