碳纳米管对大鼠肝肾的毒性效应

目的探讨碳纳米管染毒对大鼠肝肾的毒性效应，以期为碳纳米管生产和使用的安全性评价提供基础毒理学资料。方法将SPF级雄性wistar大鼠随机分为溶剂对照组（小牛血清0．2mL/只）、染毒低剂量组（7．5mg／kg）、染毒中剂量组（15mg／kg）、染毒高剂量组（22．5mg／kg）。采用非暴露气管滴注法，每日染毒1次（0．2mL/只），每组6只，连续15d。染毒结束24h，眼眶取血后处死。计算肺、肝、肾脏器系数，检测肝肾血清生化指标及病理学改变。结果与对照组相比，各染毒组谷草转氨酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）均降低，其中低剂量组AST、高剂量组ALP分别降低20％和26％（P〈0．05）。中、高剂量组总蛋白（TP）及高剂量组总胆固醇（TC）均较对照组明显降低，其中高剂量组TP和TC分别降低12．6％和18．5％（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。肝脏病理切片显示，染毒中、高弃3量组大鼠部分肝细胞肿胀，肝灶性坏死，炎细胞浸润。肾脏未见明显异常。结论中、高剂量的碳纳米管经非暴露式气管滴注染毒可对大鼠肝脏产生一定的毒性效应。

TOXIC EFFECT OF CARBON NANOTUBES ON THE LIVER AND KIDNEY OF RATS

Objective To investigate the toxic effect of carbon nanotubes（CNT） on the liver and kidney of rats. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： control group, and 7.5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, and 22.5 mg/kg of carbon nanotubes groups. The rats were exposed to CNT by intratracheal instillation once a day, for consecutive 15 days. They were sacrificed on day 16, and the organ coefficients of lung, livers, and kidneys were calculated. Then some plasma biochemical indices and the pathology of these organs were observed. Results The level of AST and ALP was decreased in exposed groups. Among them, the level of AST in 7.5 mg/kg CNT group, and ALP in 22.5 mg/kg CNT group was 20% and 26% less, respectively than that of control group （ P 〈 0.05）. The level of TP, and TC in 22.5 mg/kg CNT group was 12.6% （P 〈 0.01） and 18.5% （P 〈 0.05） less, respectively than that of control group. Cellular swelling, focal necrosis and inflammatory infiltration in some liver cells were found in 15 mg/kg and 22. 5 mg/kg CNT group. Conclusion Carbon nanotubes may cause some damage to the liver of rats.