用Ames试验和小鼠原代细胞彗星试验检测A市生活饮用水遗传毒性

目的　用Ames试验和小鼠原代肝细胞彗星试验检测A市生活饮用水遗传毒性并比较两种方法的敏感性。方法　采用Ames试验和彗星试验分别对A市南郊水厂的水源水、出厂水、自来水的有机浓集物的诱变性进行检测。结果　出厂水和自来水的Ames试验于试样浓度为 3 0L/皿时才表现为阳性结果 ,而肝细胞的彗星试验在水样量为0 1L时就出现明显的阳性结果 (与阴性对照比P <0 0 1) ,后者的浓度比前者低 3 0倍。水源水的Ames试验于试样浓度为 6 0L/皿时仍表现为阴性结果 ,而原代肝细胞的彗星试验在水样量为 0 5L时就出现明确的阳性结果。结论　Ames试验只能检测出氯化消毒后饮用水的致突变阳性 ,而彗星试验能同时检测出水源水和氯化消毒后饮用水的致突变性 ,后者的敏感性远远高于前者。

Detection for genotoxicity of water samples in city A with Ames test and primary hepatic cell comet assay

Objective Genotoxicity of water samples from city A was detected with Ames test and primary hepatic cell comet assay and their sensitivities were compared.Method Organic substance was extracted from source water,chlorinated water and tap water,respectively,in city A and their mutagenicities were detected with Ames test and mouse primary hepatic cell comet assay.Result Posi-tive Ames test was observed at concentration of3L/plate of chlorinated and tap water,but positive at concentration of0.1L/plate with primary hepatic cell comet assay(P<0.01).Ames testwas still negative at concentration of6L/plate of source water,but positive at0.5L/plate with primary hepatic cell comet assay.Conclusion Ames test could only detect genotoxicity of chlorinated water,which could be detected with primary hepatic cell comet assay for chlorinated and source water with a much higher sensitivity than the former.