水面舰艇和核潜艇长航对艇员焦虑、抑郁情绪及睡眠质量的影响

目的 :了解长航对水面舰艇和核潜艇艇员焦虑、抑郁情绪和睡眠质量的影响 ,为改善长航艇员的心理健康状况提供依据。方法 :(1)研究对象分水面舰艇组和核潜艇组 ,并以岸勤组为对照 ;(2 )用焦虑自评量表 (SAS)、抑郁自评量表 (SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI)进行评定。结果 :(1)SAS评分 ,两长航组艇员航后较航前和岸勤组均增高 (P <0 .0 1) ;SDS评分 ,水面舰艇组航后仅较航前增高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,核潜艇组航后较航前和岸勤组均增高 (P <0 .0 1)。 (2 )焦虑发生率 ,水面舰艇组航前为 8.77% ,航后增至 2 8.0 7% (P <0 .0 1) ,核潜艇组航前为 6 .0 6 % ,航后4 3.4 3% (P <0 .0 1) ;抑郁发生率 ,水面舰艇组航前 4 .39% ,航后 2 1.0 5 % (P <0 .0 1) ,核潜艇组航前 7.0 7% ,航后 4 4.4 4% (P <0 .0 1)。 (3)PSQI总分与水面舰艇组SAS、SDS均分间相关系数 (r)分别为 0 .4 792和 0 .4 6 75 ,与核潜艇组SAS、SDS均分间r分别为 0 .4 498和 0 .4 983,(P <0 .0 5 )。两长航组的SAS与日间功能之间 ,核潜艇组SDS与睡眠质量、睡眠障碍、日间功能之间也呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :水面舰艇和核潜艇长航均可致艇员焦虑、抑郁情绪发生率增高和睡眠质量变差 ,且程度以核潜艇长航为著。睡眠质量变差与焦虑和抑郁的严重程度

EFFECT OF LONG TERM VOYAGE ON ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND SLEEP QUALITY OF SAILORS IN NAVAL SHIP AND NUCLEAR - POWERED SUBMARINE

Objective:To Study the influence of long term voyage on anxiety, depression and sleep quality of sailors in naval ship and nuclear-powered submarine,so as to provide the basis for improving psychological health of these sailors.Methods: The subjects were divided into naval ship group, submarine group and harbour working group(control group).Anxiety feeling of the sailors was evaluated by Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),depression feeling by Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and sleep quality by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Results:(1) SAS scores in both naval ship and submarine groups were higher than those before voyage and control(P<0.01). SDS score in naval ship group was higher than that before voyage(P<0.05). In submarine group,SDS were higher than those before voyage and control(P<0.01).(2)Anxiety rate in naval ship gruop was increased from 8.77% to 28.07% (P<0.01)and in submarine group from 6.06% to 43.43% (P<0.01). Depression rate in naval ship group was increased from 4.39% to 21.05% (P<0.01) and in submarine group from 7.07% to 44.44% (P<0.01).(3)The correlation coefficients of the total score of PSQI with SAS and SDS were 0.4792 and 0.4675 in naval ship group,0.4498 and 0.4983 in submarine group respectively(P<0.05)?Conclusion:Long term voyage of naval ship and nuclear-powered submarine may induce higher incidence of anxiety and depression and poor sleep quality of the sailors,especially in submarine group. There are significant positive correlation between sleep quality and anxiety or depression.