心肌桥与壁冠状动脉形态学变化的相关性分析

目的观测心肌桥与壁冠状动脉形态学变化,探讨心肌桥与壁冠状动脉病变的关系。方法收集40例尸体心脏标本,观测心肌桥的出现率;测量心肌桥的长、宽、厚度;取心肌桥前、桥下、桥后的冠状动脉,分别石蜡包埋,切片,HE染色,观察各部位血管壁结构的变化。结果在40例心脏标本中,发现心肌桥23处,出现率为56%。其中左冠状动脉及分支上出现心肌桥为18例（占45%）,右冠状动脉及分支上发现心肌桥为5例（占12.5%）。心肌桥平均长、宽、厚度分别（1.49±0.135）cm、（0.39±0.036）cm、（0.18±0.050）cm。心肌桥冠状动脉内膜测量,桥前段较桥下、桥后段有明显不规则增厚,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论心肌桥的出现以单一前室间支为主。心肌桥宽度、长度对桥前壁冠状动脉内膜厚度影响较小,心肌桥的厚度与桥前冠状动脉内膜增厚呈正相关。心肌桥的厚度对冠状动脉病变可能有重要关系。

Analysis of Relativity of the Myocardial Bridge and Mural Coronary Artery

Objective To observe the morphology of myocardial bridge （MB） and mural coronary （MC） artery, analyse relativity of the myocardial bridge and mural coronary artery. Methods The position and frequency of the myocardial bridge were studied with 40 hearts specimens. The location of myocardial bridge and its length, width, thickness were measured. The samples were embedded in paraffin and HE staining was performed for being observed under microscope. Result Among all of the 40 cases, 23 cases （56%） myocardial bridge presented. Among them, in 18 cases （45%） it was showed in left coronary artery and its branch, in 5 cases （12.5%） it was showed in right coronary artery and its branch. The length, width, thickness of the myocardial bridge were 1.49±0.135cm, 0.39±0.036cm,0.18± 0.050cm respectively.The intima of the coronary artery of anterior part of myocardial bridge was significantly thicker than that of the inferior and posterior segment （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Myocardial bridge maily shows in anterior interventricular branch and its width and the length show little interrelation with thickness of the intima of the PreMC. Its thickness correlates with atherosclerosis.