丁卡因凝胶用于预防小儿静脉注射疼痛

目的 本研究比较了丁卡因凝胶和恩纳软膏用于预防静脉注射疼痛的效果.方法 拟行全身麻醉的手术患儿60例,年龄3～10岁,随机分为对照组、丁卡因凝胶组和恩纳组,每组20例.在手术前40 min用药膏涂抹患儿手背的静脉附近的皮肤.对照组用生理盐水,丁卡因组用丁卡因凝胶1 g,恩纳组用恩纳软膏1 g,涂抹皮肤.涂药膏的皮肤用3 M医用薄膜覆盖,患儿到达手术室后,擦去皮肤上的麻醉药膏.消毒后,用22 G静脉留置针开放手背静脉.在静脉注射时用Cameron 的疼痛评分方法进行注射疼痛的评分.结果 对照组无痛、轻度疼痛患者占15%;丁卡因凝胶组无痛、轻度疼痛患者占80%;恩纳组无痛、轻度疼痛患者占75%.丁卡因凝胶组和恩纳组的疼痛程度无显著性差异.对照组的疼痛程度比丁卡因凝胶组和恩纳组重,差异有显著性.（P〈0.05）结论 用丁卡因凝胶和恩纳乳膏都能明显减轻静脉注射局部的疼痛,两种方法效果相似.

Comparison of tetracaine jel pretreatment or EMLA in prevention of injection pain in children

Objective To compare the efficacy of pretreatment with tetracaine jel or EMLA1 on injection pain. Methods 60 patients undergoing elective general anesthesia（ age 3 ~ 10, ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ） were randomly allocated into 3 groups ： tetraeaine jel group, EMLA group and the control group. 20 patients in each group. Tetraeaine, EMLA or normal saline was put on the back of hand. It was covered with plastic. The cream was removed when the patient arrived the operation room. 22 G intravenous catheter was set on the back of hand. Injection pain was evaluated by Cameron scores. Results There were 15%, 80% and 75% patients no to minimal pain in the control group, tetracaine group and EMLA group. There was no difference in pain score between tetraeaine group and EMLA group. Pain scores in the control group were higher than the other two groups. （ P 〈 0.05 ） Conclusion Pretreatment of tetraeaine was as effective as EMLA in prevention of injection pain.