90例抗结核药物不良反应调查

目的：探讨抗结核药物不良反应发生的特点、分布及导致发生的相关危险因素，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法： 查取2012年 2～5月我院肺科医院全部出院病例1 000例，对使用了主要抗结核药物（异烟肼、利福平、乙胺丁醇、吡嗪酰胺）所致不良反应的发生时间、病例的年龄和性别、不良反应累及的系统 器官等进行统计，并分析不同药物所致不良反应的特点以及影响因素。结果：导致药物不良反应病例 90 例，男 56 例，女 34例，出现不良反应时间最短的为1 h，最迟的为31 d；抗结核药的不良反应主要累及泌尿、肝胆、神经、皮肤及其附件、消化、血液等 8个系统，多发不良反应包括高尿酸血症、药物肝炎、药物性皮炎等。结论：临床应重视规范治疗结核病，减小药物不良反应的发生和治疗失败，提高用药安全性，促进合理用药。

Investion of Adverse Drug Reactions of 90 Cases Induced by Main Antituberculosis Drugs

Objective：：To investigate the characteristics and distribution of adverse drug reactions induced by antituberculosis drugs and leading to the relevant risk factors to provide reference for clinical safety and proper administration. Methods：1000 cases were retrieved from our Pulmonary Hospital between February 2012 and May 2012. The time of occurrence of adverse reactions,age and gender distribution of cases and systems or system organs related adverse reactions caused by individual drugs（isoniazid,rifampin,ethambutol,pyrazinamide） were recorded and their characteristics and factors involved in individual adverse reactions were also analyzed. Results：90 adverse drug reaction cases were collected,and they were 56 in male and 43 in female. The shortest time of occurrence of adverse reaction was 1 hour and the longest, about 31 days. The adverse reactions of antituberculosis drugs were widely distributed in such 8 systems as the urinary,liver,nervous , skin and its appendages,digestive,blood,and hematological system and so on. Multiple adverse reactions included hyperuricemia,drug induced hepatic injury and drug induced dermatitis. Conclusion：More clinical attention should be paid to the standardization of the treatment of tuberculosit, reduction of treatment failure occurrance and adverse drug reactions and improvement of the drug safety to promote the rational use of drugs.