急性白血病中核仁磷酸蛋白异常表达的研究进展

核仁磷酸蛋白（NPM）是一种在各种类型的细胞中广泛表达的多功能蛋白质.NPM基因的异常表达可导致细胞的恶性增殖,参与肿瘤的发生与发展.NPM的基因表达异常主要有过表达、基因重排、基因突变三种情况.NPM高表达于增殖活跃的细胞中,参与实体瘤与白血病的发生、发展.NPM还可与其他基因（RARα、MLF1、ALK）形成致癌性的融合蛋白,促进急性早幼粒细胞白病（M3）、骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）和淋巴瘤的发生.NPM1突变是导致白血病发生的主要分子事件之一,可以累及AML的多种亚型,影响AML的预后.文章就急性白血病NPM基因表达异常的进展作一综述.

Recent advances of aberrant expression of nucleophosmin in acute leukemia

Nucleophosmin （NPM） is regularly identified as multifunctional nuclear protein which is widely expressed in different kinds of cells.NPM is identified not only as a potential regulator for cell proliferation,but also as an important player in tumor genesis procession.Aberrant expression of NPM,such as over-expression,rearrangement and mutation could lead to malignant transformation in solid tumor and leukemia cells.Over-expression of NPM had been detected as a poor prognostic factor and was related to drug-resistance development.It is reported that rearrangement of NPM gene played an important role in acute promyelocytic leukemia （APL,M3）,myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS） and lymphoma.As the main molecular event in AML,NPM1 mutation occurred in kinds of subtypes of AML,which predicted a different prognosis.The aberrant expression of NPM in acute leukemia was reviewed.