Spinal Cord Injury Peer Mentorship: Applying Self-Determination Theory to Explain Quality of Life and Participation |
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Authors: | Shane N Sweet Emilie Michalovic Amy E Latimer-Cheung Michelle Fortier Luc Noreau Walter Zelaya Kathleen A Martin Ginis |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;2. Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, Quebec, Canada;3. School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen''s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;4. School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;5. Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada;6. Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada;g. Moelle Épinière et Motricité Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;h. School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada |
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Abstract: | ObjectivesTo investigate the role of spinal cord injury (SCI) peer mentorship on quality of life (QoL)/participation, and test a self-determination theory model that explains the role of SCI peer mentorship on these outcomes.DesignA static group comparison design.SettingCommunity.ParticipantsA convenience sample of mentees (individuals receiving peer mentorship) (n=68) and nonmentees (n=63) who had an SCI, were older than 18 years, and spoke either English or French.InterventionsMentees: at least 4 peer mentorship sessions over the past 5 years; nonpeer mentees: 0 or 1 brief introductory session.Main Outcome MeasuresQoL (ie, life satisfaction and positive and negative affect), participation (eg, autonomous indoor; family role), and the psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness.ResultsNo group differences were found, but years since injury was a moderator indicating that, generally, peer mentees living with SCI for longer (~30y) appear to benefit more from peer mentorship interactions compared with nonmentees and mentees living with SCI for approximately 6 years. Competence and relatedness mediated the peer mentorship–outcome relationship for QoL and some participation variables, indicating that peer mentorship predicted competence and relatedness, which in turn were related to the outcomes.ConclusionsSatisfaction of competence and relatedness needs requires greater attention in SCI peer mentorship. Years since injury modified the relationship between peer mentorship and outcomes, which provided new insights on the role of SCI peer mentorship. Further studies are needed to determine SCI peer mentorship–specific outcomes that are important across the years-since-injury spectrum. |
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Keywords: | Mentors Social participation Psychological theory Quality of life Rehabilitation Spinal cord injuries ANCOVA analysis of covariance bCI bias-corrected confidence interval QoL quality of life SCI spinal cord injury SDT self-determination theory YSI years since injury |
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