252例稽留流产者绒毛细胞遗传学分析及环境因素初探

目的 探讨绒毛染色体异常及其环境因素与稽留流产的关系.方法 无菌条件下取252例稽留流产患者(流产组)及50名正常早孕行人工流产术者(对照组)的胚胎绒毛,采用细胞培养法制备染色体进行G显带分析,并由专人询问、登记相关资料.结果 流产组绒毛染色体异常发生率为58.09％,显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),流产组140例核型异常中以常染色体三体、性染色体单体及三倍体为主,分别占异常总数的57.86％、20.71％及12.14％;流产组中长期接触电脑、电视的患者显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论 绒毛染色体数目异常是稽留流产患者的重要病因,进行绒毛细胞遗传学分析具有重要临床意义;孕妇长期接触电脑、电视是引起稽留流产的相关因素.

Analysis of fetal chromosomal karyotype and etiology in 252 cases of early spontaneous abortion

Objective To investigate the relationship between fetal chromosomal karyotype and early spontaneous abortion,and the effect of the environmental factors on spontaneous abortion. Methods Choronic villi from 252 cases of missed abortion were sampled as patient group and 50 normal pregnancies as control group.Chorionic villi were cultured and karyotype analysis was performed by G banding.Clinical information was collected.Results The rate of chorion chromosome abnormality in the patient group was 58.09％,significantly higher than that in the control group (4.17％) (P＜0.01).Among the 140 cases of karyotype abnormalities,81 were trisomy,29 were monosomy X and 17 were polyploidy,accounting for 57.86％,20.71％ and 12.14％ of total abnormalities,respectively.Long time and low dose radiation exposure of the pregant female seemed to be related with spontaneous abortion (P＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Chorion chromosome abnormality is a major reason of early spontaneous abortion and karyotype analysis of chorionic villus is of clinical importantce.For pregnant women,long-term exposure to computers and television seems a risk factor for missed abortion.