儿童下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解儿童下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及耐药现状,协助临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法对2008年1月-2010年6月入住医院儿呼吸科3815例下呼吸道感染患儿的痰标本,做菌株分离培养鉴定和药敏试验,并进行分析。结果 3815例下呼吸道感染痰标本分离检出病原菌652株,阳性率为17.1%,其中革兰阴性菌437株,占67.0%,革兰阳性菌120株,占18.4%,真菌56株,占8.6%,其他39株,占6.0%;革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南均敏感,其次对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦和阿米卡星较敏感,对氨苄西林耐药率最高;葡萄球菌属中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)分离率较高,占53.3%;葡萄球菌属对青霉素耐药率>90.0%,对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、红霉素、苯唑西林、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星有较高耐药性,但对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、呋喃妥因敏感。结论在儿童下呼吸道感染中,革兰阴性菌是主要的病原菌,革兰阳性菌中耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌所占比例较高,真菌感染亦占一定比例,临床治疗应根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。

Distribution and resistance of pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infection in children

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of pathogens isolated from children with lower respiratory tract infection in our distric,and help doctors to use antibiotic reasonably.METHODS A total of 3815 strains from sputum specimens of the sick children were isolated and cultured from Jan 2008 to Jun 2010,and the strains were identified and the antibiotic resistance tested.RESULTS A total of 3815 strains of pathogens that included 437 G-bacilli(67.0%),120 G+ cocci(18.4%),56 fungi(8.6%),and 39 ...