北京市社区精神障碍患者康复需求调查研究

[目的]了解目前北京市社区精神障碍患者的康复需求,以期为更好的提供精神卫生服务提供依据。[方法]采用自行设计的调查问卷,对北京市朝阳、西城、大兴、房山4个区在社区康复的精神障碍患者进行现场调查,回收的数据用Epidata 3. 1录入,并用SPSS 22. 0软件进行统计分析。[结果]①社区精神障碍患者以城市京籍中老年无业者居多,学历普遍较低,多为持有精神残疾类别的残疾证的严重精神障碍患者;②近一半的患者更愿意接受社区专业化康复医疗服务(344,48. 6%);③患者选择在社区接受精神卫生服务的原因主要是方便及时(570,80. 5%);④大部分患者认为应该通过提高服务的专业性来促进社区精神卫生服务的发展(299,42. 2%)。[结论]北京市社区精神障碍患者的需求集中体在优质专业的社区精神卫生服务、丰富多样的就业岗位、灵活有效的康复项目、美好和谐的家庭环境和社区氛围等方面,而要更好满足患者的需求需要政府完善相关政策、提高基层服务水平、加强宣传、促进多方合作。

Investigation on rehabilitation needs of patients with mental disorders in Beijing community

Objective To investigate current rehabilitation needs of patients with mental disorders in Beijing community so as to provide basis for providing mental health care service. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct field survey of mental disorder patients recovering in Chaoyang,Xicheng,Daxing and Fangshan district community of Beijing. The collected data was recorded with Epidata 3. 1 and statistically analyzed with SPSS 22. 0 software. Results( 1) Most of patients with mental disorders in community were urban quinquagenarian and unemployed in Beijing. Their education was generally low,and most of them were serious mental disorder patients with certificate.( 2) Nearly half of the patients prefer to receive community specialized rehabilitation and medical services( 344,48. 6%).( 3) Main reason why patients chose to receive community mental health services was convenient and timely( 570,80. 5%).( 4) Most patients believed that the development of community mental health services should be promoted by improving the professionalism of services( 299,42. 2%). Conclusions The needs of patients with mental disorders in Beijing community are concentrated in high-quality professional community mental health services,rich and diverse employment positions,flexible and effective rehabilitation programs,beautiful and harmonious family environment and community atmosphere,etc. The government needs to improve relevant policies,the level of grassroots services,strengthen publicity and promote multilateral cooperation so as to better meet the needs of patients.