儿童川崎病临床特征分析

目的:分析并比较典型川崎病(KD)与不典型川崎病(IKD)的临床特征。方法:回顾性分析2017-01-01—2017-12-31武汉大学人民医院儿科收治的69例患儿的临床资料,将其分为IKD组(n=25)和KD组(n=44),比较两组患儿的临床特征。结果:两组患儿发热发生率均为100%,IKD组持续发热时间、确诊时间及临床治愈时间均明显高于KD组(P<0.05或P<0.01);两组患儿皮疹、颈淋巴结肿大、口唇皲裂及杨梅舌发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);IKD组手足硬性水肿发生率低于KD组(P<0.05);IKD组肛周脱皮、卡疤红肿、冠状动脉损伤发生率均高于KD组(P<0.05)。结论:IKD具有发热时间久,早期不易确诊,冠状动脉损伤发生率高的特点,影响患儿预后,需早期识别诊断。

Clinical Characteristics of Kawasaki Disease in Children

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of typical kawasaki disease(KD)and incomplete kawasaki disease(IKD).Method:The clinical data of 69 children with kawasaki disease admitted to the department of pediatrics of Rennin Hospital of Wuhan University from 2017-01-01 to 2017-12-31 were retrospectively analyzed,among which 25 cases of atypical kawasaki disease were in the IKD group and 44 cases were in the KD group,and the clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared.Results:The incidence of fever was 100%in both groups.The duration of sustained fever,diagnosis time and clinical cure time of IKD group were significantly higher than that of KD group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the incidence of skin rash,cervical lymph node enlargement,chapped lips and waxberry tongue between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of hand and foot rigid edema in the IKD group was lower than that in the KD group(P<0.05).The incidence of perianal peeling,scarring redness and coronary artery injury in IKD group was higher than that in KD group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:IKD is characterized by long duration of fever,difficulty in early diagnosis and high incidence of coronary artery injury,which affects the prognosis of children and requires early recognition and diagnosis.