7～14岁癫痫患儿睡眠习惯调查及分析

目的　探讨7～14岁癫痫儿童的睡眠习惯及相关影响因素。方法　2008年1月至2009年10月华西第二医院小儿神经科确诊的癫痫患儿162例作为癫痫组，通过对儿童父母和监护人的询问，运用专门针对儿童使用的儿童睡眠习惯调查表对癫痫组和162名正常儿童（对照组）的睡眠习惯进行调查分析。结果　癫痫组睡眠习惯评分为（46.1±7.5）分，而正常对照组为（32.4±3.6）分，两者间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。癫痫组运动和认知发育正常者评分为（43.5±8.1）分，落后者评分为（49.9±7.3）分，两者间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。单药治疗患儿71例，评分为（42.9±6.3）分；2种或2种以上药物治疗患儿22例，评分为（54.3±5.7）分，两者间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。另外，夜间睡眠发作的癫痫患儿（36例）相对白天清醒时发作患儿（50例）、清醒及睡眠中均有发作患儿（76例）睡眠习惯较差，评分分别为（52.3±5.7）、（44.1±7.6）、（44.5±6.8）分，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；部分性发作的癫痫患儿（46例）相对全身性发作（57例）、部分性泛化全身（59例）对睡眠习惯的影响较小，评分分别为（41.6±4.9）、（47.4±8.7）、（48.4±7.5）分，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论　癫痫易出现睡眠障碍，多种因素包括运动和认知发育落后、发作控制及治疗情况、发作类型等可影响患儿睡眠习惯。

The clinical survey and analysis of sleep habit of children with epilepsy aged from 7 to 14 years old.

Objective　To evaluate sleep habits and related affecting factors in children with epilepsy aged from 7 to 14 years old. Methods　By asking parents and guardians， the children's sleep habit questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep habits of 162 children with epilepsy and 162 normal controls. Results　The mean score on the sleep questionnaire for children with epilepsy was 32.4±3.6 （P < 0.01）， whereas for the normal control group it was 58.8±3.3 （P < 0.01）. In children with epilepsy， neuropsychomotor developmental delay had higher scores（49.9±7.3） than that of appropriate development （43.5±8.1，P < 0.01）. The group under polytherapy （54.3±5.7） had a higher score than that under monotherapy（42.9±6.3）. In addition， the mean score for patients with daytime seizures was 44.1±7.6，and for those with nocturnal seizures it was 52.3±5.7 （P < 0.01）. The mean score for children with partial seizures was 41.6±4.9，and for those with generalized seizures it was 47.4±8.7 （P < 0.01）. Conclusion　Children with epilepsy are prone to have sleep disorders. Many factors， such as neuropsychomotor development，seizure type，seizure frequency and therapy of seizures， can affect their sleep habits.