九华山地区肾综合征出血热监测预警

目的对九华山地区肾综合征出血热发生流行情况进行监测预警。方法用夹夜法调查获得该地区宿主动物种类、种群密度相关数据;用免疫学方法检测动物血清标本中HV抗体和肺标本中HV抗原;根据带毒指数进行预警。结果该地区捕获9种小型兽类动物,其中在黑线姬鼠、社鼠、小家鼠、褐家鼠和麝鼩标本检测出肺抗原阳性或血抗体阳性。从2005年到2010年宿主动物带毒率和总感染率呈逐年上升趋势,2009年宿主带毒率最高12.00%,2010年宿主动物总感染率最高达12.50%。不同年份宿主带毒指数总体不超过0.05,但2008年室内褐家鼠带毒指数达到0.11。结论宿主动物带毒率上升,麝鼩作为本省新的宿主动物出现,增加了该地区人群感染出血热的风险。必要时开展居民区灭鼠活动,控制室内啮齿动物种群数量来降低感染风险。

Surveillance prediction of hemorrhagic fever disease with renal syndrome in Jiuhua Mountain area

Objective To predict hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Jiuhua Mountain area.Methods The trap-night method was used to capture small animals,and then obtain animal host species and population density in the areas.The immunological assays were used to detect the hantavirus（HV） antibodies in serum specimen and HV antigens in lung preparation.The index of HV carrier was used for prediction.Results Nine species of small beast were captured in Jiuhua Mountain area,of which HV antigens and HV antibodies were found in lung preparation and serum specimen taken from apodemus agrarius,rattus confucianus,mus musculus,rattus norvegicus and crocidura attenuate.The rate of virus-carrier rats and overall incidence rate for HV infections showed an ascending trend year by year since 2005.The highest rate of virus-carrier rats reached 12.00% in 2009,and the highest overall incidence rate for HV infections was 12.50% in 2010.The index of virus carrier rate was no more than 0.05 since 2005,but the index for indoor rattus norvegicus reached 0.11.Conclusion The increased risk for HV infection in Jiuhua Mountain areas was due to increasing rate of virus-carrier rats and the appearance of crocidura attenuate as a new host.It is necessary to carry out rodent control activities in residential areas to reduce the risk for HV infection.